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Health effects associated with waterpipe smoking

机译：抽水烟对健康的影响

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Objective It is widely held that waterpipe smoking (WPS) is not associated with health hazards. However, several studies have documented the uptake of several toxicants and carcinogens during WPS that is strongly associated with harmful health effects. This paper reviews the literature on the health effects of WPS. Data sources Three databases-PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE-were searched until August 2014 for the acute and long-term health effects of WPS using the terms 'waterpipe' and its synonyms (hookah, shisha, goza, narghileh, arghileh and hubble-bubble) in various spellings. Study selection We included original clinical studies, case reports and systematic reviews and focused on clinical human studies. ～10% of the identified studies met the selection criteria. Data extraction Data were abstracted by all three authors and summarised into tables. Abstracted data included study type, results and methodological limitations and were analysed jointly by all three authors. Data synthesis WPS acutely leads to increased heart rate, blood pressure, impaired pulmonary function and carbon monoxide intoxication. Chronic bronchitis, emphysema and coronary artery disease are serious complications of long-term use. Lung, gastric and oesophageal cancer are associated with WPS as well as periodontal disease, obstetrical complications, osteoporosis and mental health problems. Conclusions Contrary to the widely held misconception, WPS is associated with a variety of adverse short-term and long-term health effects that should reinforce the need for stronger regulation. In addition, this review highlights the limitations of the published work, which is mostly cross-sectional or retrospective. Prospective studies should be undertaken to assess the full spectrum of health effects of WPS, particularly in view of its growing popularity and attractiveness to youth.
机译：目的普遍认为，抽水烟（WPS）与健康危害无关。但是，一些研究表明，在WPS期间摄入了几种有毒物质和致癌物质，这与有害健康影响密切相关。本文回顾了有关WPS对健康的影响的文献。数据源直到2014年8月为止，使用“水烟”及其同义词（hookah，shisha，goza，narghileh，arghileh和hubble-bubble）搜索了三个数据库（PubMed，MEDLINE和EMBASE）以了解WPS的急性和长期健康影响）的各种拼写形式。研究选择我们纳入了原始临床研究，病例报告和系统评价，并侧重于临床人体研究。约有10％的研究符合选择标准。数据提取所有三位作者都对数据进行了抽象，并汇总到了表格中。提取的数据包括研究类型，结果和方法学局限性，并由三位作者共同分析。数据综合WPS会导致心率，血压升高，肺功能受损和一氧化碳中毒。慢性支气管炎，肺气肿和冠状动脉疾病是长期使用的严重并发症。肺癌，胃癌和食道癌与WPS以及牙周疾病，产科并发症，骨质疏松症和精神健康问题有关。结论与普遍存在的误解相反，WPS与各种不利的短期和长期健康影响有关，应加强对更严格监管的需求。此外，本次审查突出了已发表作品的局限性，主要是横断面或回顾性的。应进行前瞻性研究，以评估WPS对健康的各种影响，尤其是考虑到WPS日益普及和对年轻人的吸引力。

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  • 来源
    《Tobacco control》 |2015年第1期|i31-i43|共13页
  • 作者

    Ziad M El-Zaatari; Hassan A Chami; Ghazi S Zaatari;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon;

    Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;

    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, 110-72020 Lebanon;

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