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Numerical Analysis of Controlling Cavitation Instabilities in Tandem Cascades

机译：串级控制空化失稳的数值分析

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摘要

Cavitation is an inevitable phenomenon that occurs when improvements such as performance enhancement and weight reduction are made to the turbopump in liquid-propellant rocket engines. Unsteady cavitation may cause oscillations (cavitation instabilities) in the turbopump. Accurate prediction and efficient suppression of cavitation instabilities are important for designing turbopumps. We performed a numerical simulation of the unsteady cavitation in tandem cascades and compared the results with those obtained for a single-stage cascade. The type of cavitation instability could be controlled by changing the front- and rear-blade chord lengths. When the clearance gap between the front and rear blades was located near the cascade throat entrance, rotating-stall conditions could be easily achieved, even at high flow rates. Cavitation surge and super-synchronous and sub-synchronous rotating cavitations were suppressed when the clearance gap was located at 40% of the total chord length. When the clearance gap was located inside the cascade throat, cavitation reached a steady state at the a value where the cavity length equaled the front-blade length; then, cavitation instabilities and unsteady cavitation were suppressed in the low-cr region. When the clearance gap was located at 80% of the total chord length, cavitation surge was completely suppressed, although rotating cavitation occurred over a larger region.
机译：当对液体推进剂火箭发动机的涡轮泵进行诸如性能增强和重量减轻之类的改进时，会发生气穴现象。不稳定的气蚀可能会在涡轮泵中引起振荡（气蚀不稳定性）。准确预测和有效抑制气蚀不稳定性对设计涡轮泵很重要。我们对串联叶栅中的非定常空化进行了数值模拟，并将结果与​​单级叶栅获得的结果进行了比较。可以通过改变前叶片和后叶片的弦长来控制空化不稳定性的类型。当前后叶片之间的间隙位于叶栅喉部入口附近时，即使在高流速下也可以轻松实现旋转失速条件。当间隙位于总弦长的40％时，可以抑制空化波动以及超同步和次同步旋转空化。当间隙位于叶栅喉部内部时，空化达到稳定状态，其值为空洞长度等于前叶片长度的值。然后，在低cr区抑制了气蚀的不稳定性和不稳定的气蚀。当间隙位于总弦长的80％时，虽然旋转气蚀发生在较大区域，但气蚀波动被完全抑制。

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