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首页> 外文期刊>Transnational environmental law >Regulatory Chill in a Warming World: The Threat to Climate Policy Posed by Investor-State Dispute Settlement
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Regulatory Chill in a Warming World: The Threat to Climate Policy Posed by Investor-State Dispute Settlement

机译：在变暖的世界中放松监管：投资者与国家之间争端解决对气候政策的威胁

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The system of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) found in over 3,000 bilateral investment treaties and numerous regional trade agreements has been criticized for interfering with the rights of sovereign states to regulate investment in the public interest, for example, to protect the environment and public health. This article argues that while much of the public debate around ISDS has focused on a small number of cases that have arisen over the regulation of tobacco packaging, there is a far greater threat posed by the potential use of ISDS by the fossil fuel industry to stall action on climate change. It is hypothesized that fossil fuel corporations will emulate a tactic employed by the tobacco industry - that of using ISDS to induce cross-border regulatory chill: the delay in policy uptake in jurisdictions outside the jurisdiction in which the ISDS claim is brought. Importantly, fossil fuel corporations do not have to win any ISDS cases for this strategy to be effective; they only have to be willing to launch them. The article concludes with three options to reform trade and investment agreements to better align them with climate change mitigation efforts: (i) exclude ISDS provisions; (ii) prohibit fossil fuel industries from accessing ISDS; or (iii) carve out all government measures taken in pursuit of international obligations (for example, under the Paris Agreement on climate change) from challenge under ISDS.
机译：在3000多个双边投资条约和众多区域贸易协定中发现的投资者与国家之间的争端解决系统（ISDS）被批评为干扰主权国家为了公共利益而规范投资的权利，例如保护环境和公共卫生。本文认为，尽管围绕ISDS的许多公开辩论都集中在针对烟草包装监管的少数案例上，但化石燃料行业可能会使用ISDS来阻止其发展，这将带来更大的威胁。应对气候变化的行动。据推测，化石燃料公司将效仿烟草业采用的一种策略-利用ISDS引起跨境监管冷淡：在提出ISDS要求的司法管辖区以外的司法管辖区延迟政策采用。重要的是，化石燃料公司不必赢得任何ISDS案例即可使该策略生效。他们只需要愿意发射它们。本文以改革贸易和投资协定以使它们更好地适应减缓气候变化的努力的三种选择结束：（i）排除ISDS条款； （ii）禁止化石燃料行业使用ISDS； （iii）从ISDS的挑战中找出政府为履行国际义务而采取的所有措施（例如，根据《巴黎气候变化协定》）。

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