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Characterizing the Impact of Fractured Caprock Heterogeneity on Supercritical CO_2 Injection

机译：表征破裂的盖层非均质性对超临界CO_2注入的影响

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摘要

We present a set of multiphase flow simulations where supercritical CO2 (scCO2) displaces water at hydrostatic conditions within three-dimensional discrete fracture networks that represent paths for potential leakage through caprock above CO2 storage reservoirs. The simulations are performed to characterize and compare the relative impact of hydraulic and structural heterogeneity in fractured media on the initial movement of scCO2 through these caprock formations. In one scenario, intrinsic fracture permeabilities are varied stochastically within a fixed network structure. In another scenario, we generatemultiple independent, identically distributed network realizations with varying fracture network densities to explore a wide range of geometric and topological configurations. Analysis of the simulations indicates that network structure, specifically connectivity and the presence of hanging fractures, plays a larger role in controlling the displacement of water by scCO2 than variations in local hydraulic properties. We identify active surface area of the network as a single-phase feature that could provide a lower bound on the percentage of the network surface area reached by scCO(2).
机译：我们提出了一组多相流模拟，其中超临界CO2（scCO2）在三维离散裂缝网络内的静水条件下驱替水，这些裂缝网络代表了通过CO2储集层上方盖层潜在泄漏的路径。进行模拟是为了表征和比较裂缝性介质中水力和结构非均质性对通过这些盖岩层的scCO2初始运动的相对影响。在一种情况下，固有裂缝渗透率在固定网络结构内随机变化。在另一种情况下，我们生成具有不同裂缝网络密度的多个独立的，相同分布的网络实现，以探索各种几何和拓扑配置。对模拟的分析表明，与局部水力特性的变化相比，网络结构，特别是连通性和悬挂裂缝的存在，在控制scCO2驱替水方面起着更大的作用。我们将网络的活动表面积确定为单相特征，可以为scCO（2）达到的网络表面积百分比提供一个下限。

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