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首页> 外文期刊>Transportation Research Record >Relationship Between Occupational, Industrial, and Sociodemographic Characteristics and Job Start Times
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Relationship Between Occupational, Industrial, and Sociodemographic Characteristics and Job Start Times

机译：职业，工业和社会人口统计学特征与工作开始时间之间的关系

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摘要

Alternative work arrangements and unconventional shift schedules are increasingly becoming a part of the economy. Temporal mismatch problems occur when individuals who are traditionally transit dependent do not have access to potential job locations during off-peak times. The Current Population Survey is used to examine the relationships between job start times and a set of sociodemographic, occupational, and industrial characteristics. A binary response variable, conventional and unconventional start times, gives preliminary insight into the nature of these relationships. A detailed multinomial logit model gives more in-depth insight by analyzing the discrete choice of job start times during unconventional hours, such as the p.m. hours, night hours, or midday, relative to a baseline daytime shift. In addition, probabilities of working in jobs with alternative start times are developed for a set of hypothetical workers with key sociodemographic profiles. It is concluded that workers are self-selected into certain occupations in specific industries by their skills, education, and other workforce factors. The nature of jobs has implications for work schedules and alternative work arrangements. The ability to select certain schedules and the work arrangement of choice therefore is conditional on being employed in those types of jobs. Thus, there appears to be some type of simultaneity between the type of occupation and work schedules. It appears that policies to address the temporal mismatch problem are partly an issue of workforce development (so that workers can seek jobs in more work-arrangement-friendly occupations) and partly a transportation problem.
机译：替代性工作安排和非常规的轮班时间表正日益成为经济的一部分。当传统上依赖运输的个人在非高峰时间无法访问潜在的工作地点时，就会出现时间失配问题。当前人口调查用于检查工作开始时间与一系列社会人口统计学，职业和行业特征之间的关系。二进制响应变量（常规和非常规的开始时间）可以初步了解这些关系的性质。详细的多项式logit模型通过分析非常规时间（例如下午）的离散的工作开始时间选择，可以提供更深入的了解。相对于基准日间班次的小时，夜间或中午。此外，针对一组具有关键社会人口统计学特征的假想工人，还开发了以其他开始时间从事工作的可能性。结论是，工人是根据自己的技能，教育程度和其他劳动力因素自行选择从事特定行业的某些职业的。工作的性质对工作时间表和其他工作安排有影响。因此，选择某些时间表和选择的工作安排的能力取决于在这些类型的工作中所使用的条件。因此，在职业类型和工作时间表之间似乎存在某种同时性。看来，解决时间失配问题的政策部分是劳动力发展的问题（以便工人可以在对工作安排更友好的职业中找工作），而部分是运输问题。

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