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Substantial rebound effects in urban ridesharing: Simulating travel decisions in Paris, France

机译：城市骑士中大幅反弹效应：法国巴黎的旅行决策

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摘要

This paper investigates how and to what extent changes in user behavior may mitigate the environmental benefits of urban ridesharing, a phenomenon commonly referred to as "rebound effect". Ridesharing reduces both the individual cost of car travel (through cost splitting) and road travel times (by decreasing congestion). This may trigger a number of behavioral changes among transportation users, including: making less detours to avoid congestion (route choice effect), switching from public transit and active modes to the car (modal shift effect), travelling longer distances (distance effect), and relocating further from the urban center (relocation effect). Taking Paris region as a case study, this research applies an integrated transportation/land-use model to evaluate several ridesharing scenarios and quantify the four rebound effects. The overall rebound effect is found to be substantial, cancelling out from 68 to 77% of CO2 emission reductions and from 52 to 73% of aggregated social benefits (including congestion, air quality, CO2 emissions, noise) expected from ridesharing. This is primarily the result of the modal shift effect, supplemented as ridesharing develops by the distance effect. Although the simplified representation of ridesharing in the baseline model calls for caution regarding these estimates, a sensitivity analysis corroborates the main findings and the prevalence of substantial rebound effects. The paper also investigates to what extent three complementary policies - improving public transit, reducing road capacity or increasing the cost of car travel - might limit the overall rebound effect and thereby maximize the benefits of urban ridesharing.
机译：本文研究了用户行为的变化如何以及在多大程度上可以减轻城市骑士的环境益处，这是一种通常被称为“反弹效应”的现象。 riveShiening减少了汽车旅行（通过成本分裂）和道路旅行时间的个人成本（通过降低拥堵）。这可能会触发运输用户之间的许多行为变化，包括：使得避免拥塞（路线选择效果），从公共交通和主动模式切换到汽车（模态移位效果），行驶更长的距离（距离效应），并从城市中心进一步重新安置（搬迁效应）。将巴黎地区作为案例研究，本研究适用于综合运输/土地利用模型来评估几种riveShiencing场景并量化四种反弹效应。发现整体反弹效应是大量的，取消了二氧化碳排放减排的68％至77％，占共度统治社会福利的52％至73％（包括拥堵，空气质量，二氧化碳排放，噪音）。这主要是模态移位效应的结果，补充为距离效应的riveSharing。尽管基线模型中的rickaring的简化表示呼叫关于这些估计的谨慎，但敏感性分析证实了主要结果和普遍存在反弹效应的患病率。本文还调查了三种互补政策 - 改善公共交通，降低道路的能力或增加汽车旅行成本的程度 - 可能会限制整体反弹效果，从而最大限度地提高城市骑士的益处。

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  • 来源
    《Transportation Research》 |2019年第6期|110-126|共17页
  • 作者

    Coulombel N.; Boutueil V.; Liu L.; Viguie V.; Yin B.;

  • 作者单位

    UPEM IFSTTAR Ecole Ponts LVMT UMR T 9403 Champs Sur Marne France;

    UPEM IFSTTAR Ecole Ponts LVMT UMR T 9403 Champs Sur Marne France;

    Univ Technol Compiegne Sorbonne Univ Labo Ave EA 7284 Compiegne France;

    Ecole Ponts ParisTech Ctr Int Rech Environm & Dev Nogent Sur Marne France;

    New York Univ Abu Dhabi Div Engn Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates;

  • 收录信息
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Ridesharing; Users; Rebound effect; Climate change;

    机译：ridesharing;用户;反弹效果;气候变化;

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