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Economic and emissions impacts of renewable fuel goals for aviation in the US

机译：美国航空可再生燃料目标的经济和排放影响

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摘要

The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has a goal that one billion gallons of renewable jet fuel is consumed by the US aviation industry each year from 2018. We examine the economic and emissions impacts of this goal using renewable fuel produced from a Hydropro-cessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) process from renewable oils. Our approach employs an economy-wide model of economic activity and energy systems and a detailed partial equilibrium model of the aviation industry. If soybean oil is used as a feedstock, we find that meeting the aviation biofuel goal in 2020 will require an implicit subsidy from airlines to bio-fuel producers of $2.69 per gallon of renewable jet fuel. If the aviation goal can be met by fuel from oilseed rotation crops grown on otherwise fallow land, the implicit subsidy is $0.35 per gallon of renewable jet fuel. As commercial aviation biofuel consumption represents less than 2% of total fuel used by this industry, the goal has a small impact on the average price of jet fuel and carbon dioxide emissions. We also find that, under the pathways we examine, the cost per tonne of CO_2 abated due to aviation biofuels is between $50 and $400.
机译：美国联邦航空管理局（FAA）的目标是，从2018年起，美国航空业每年消耗10亿加仑的可再生航空燃料。我们使用加氢处理的可再生燃料研究该目标对经济和排放的影响由可再生油制得的酯和脂肪酸（HEFA）工艺。我们的方法采用了经济活动和能源系统的全经济模型以及航空业的详细局部均衡模型。如果将大豆油用作原料，我们发现要实现2020年的航空生物燃料目标，航空公司需要向生物燃料生产商提供每加仑可再生航空燃料2.69美元的隐性补贴。如果用原本在休耕地上种植的油料轮作作物的燃料可以实现航空目标，则隐性补贴为每加仑可再生航空燃料0.35美元。由于民用航空生物燃料消耗量占该行业所用燃料总量的不到2％，因此该目标对喷气燃料和二氧化碳排放的平均价格影响很小。我们还发现，在我们研究的途径下，由于航空生物燃料而减少的每吨CO_2成本在50美元至400美元之间。

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