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Viability of new road infrastructure with heterogeneous users

机译：拥有多样化用户的新型道路基础设施的可行性

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摘要

This paper explores the importance of heterogeneity in value of time and route choice when assessing the viability of new road infrastructure to alleviate congestion problems. The model incorporates strategic interaction between road operators in a cost-benefit framework and several competitive regimes are considered. It is then employed to establish the financial and socio-economic viability of a congestion pricing demonstration entering Madrid city centre, where road users have to choose between a free but highly congested road and a priced free-flowing road (semi-private regime). A logit estimation is undertaken with information from a questionnaire among road users in the Eastern Madrid area to obtain users' value of time and of congestion. The tolls obtained generate a traffic reallocation towards the new roadway such that revenues suffice to render the infrastructure socio-economically viable. The private and the low toll regimes generate similar welfare gains that are close to the first best. Yet the former supposes large losses to users. The low toll and the semi-private regimes do not raise such distributional concerns. However, the low toll regime requires a sufficiently high traffic growth rate to make it financially viable; this does not happen for the other competitive regimes.
机译：本文探讨了在评估新道路基础设施缓解拥堵问题的可行性时，时间和路线选择价值的异质性的重要性。该模型将公路运营商之间的战略互动纳入成本效益框架，并考虑了几种竞争机制。然后，它被用来建立进入马德里市中心的交通拥挤定价示范的财务和社会经济可行性，在这里，道路使用者必须在一条自由但拥挤的道路和一条定价自由流动的道路之间进行选择（半私营制度）。使用来自马德里东部地区道路使用者的问卷调查表中的信息进行logit估计，以获取使用者的时间和拥堵值。所获得的通行费产生了向新道路的交通重新分配，因此收入足以使基础设施具有社会经济可行性。私人和低收费制度会产生类似的福利收益，接近第一好。然而，前者认为给用户带来巨大损失。收费低和半私人的制度没有引起这种分配问题。但是，低收费制度要求足够高的流量增长率以使其在财务上可行。对于其他竞争体制则不会发生这种情况。

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