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Green approaches at sea - The benefits of adjusting speed instead of anchoring

机译：海上绿色方法-调整速度而不是锚固的好处

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In this paper, the concept 'green approaches' already used in aviation is applied to cargo transportation at sea. Instead of anchoring outside a port waiting for berth, ships can adjust their speed to arrive just in time for berthing. With improved incentives for reducing speed and shared information about berthing times, green approaches instead of anchoring can be a way to reduce fuel consumption and emissions without increasing the transit times of goods. The present study estimates the benefits to society as a whole for the EU ports in the Baltic Sea with Automatic Identification System data applying a new method using data collected in real time. Data consists of all anchored ships awaiting berth on 40 different occasions in 2015 and are subsequently extrapolated to a year. Fuel consumption by the individual ships, emissions and values are calculated from the detailed data with established models and estimates of unit values. The potential benefits are estimated at 27 million euros per year in the scenario where the near 15,000 anchorings by ships annually awaiting berth may instead start a green approach 12 h prior to arrival and may reduce speed by 25%, using the middle unit values for fuel and emissions. The methodology used in the paper can be applied to estimate the benefits of green approaches in other areas with anchored vessels. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：在本文中，已经在航空中使用的“绿色方法”概念被应用于海上货物运输。船只可以调整速度以及时到达泊位，而不必停泊在港口等待泊位。随着降低速度的激励措施和关于停泊时间的共享信息的发展，绿色方法而不是停泊可以成为减少燃油消耗和排放的一种方式，而不增加货物的运输时间。本研究利用自动识别系统数据，采用一种采用实时收集的数据的新方法，估计了波罗的海欧盟港口对整个社会的利益。数据包含2015年在40个不同情况下等待泊位的所有锚泊船，随后将其推断为一年。各个船舶的油耗，排放量和值均通过详细的数据，已建立的模型和单位值的估计值进行计算。在以下情况下，每年潜在的收益估计为2700万欧元：使用中间单位的燃料值，每年等待泊位的船只停泊的近15,000个锚头可能改为在到达前12小时开始采用绿色进近方法，并可能使速度降低25％。和排放。本文中使用的方法可用于估计采用锚定船只的其他区域采用绿色方法的好处。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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