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An integrated assessment of factors affecting modal choice: towards a better understanding of the causal effects of built environment

机译：对影响模式选择的因素的综合评估：更好地了解建筑环境的因果关系

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This paper discusses the methodological challenges in understanding causal relationships between urban form and travel behavior and uses a holistic quasi-experimental approach to investigate the separable marginal influence of each of several urban form factors on mode choice as well as the complex relationships between those factors and a wide range of personal traits. Data analysis and models are used to reveal the effect of such interactions on mode choice for both work and non-work trips in Rome, Italy. It is found that population density does not have a significant marginal positive effect on sustainable mode choice for work trips. Conversely, this factor decreases sustainable mode choice for non-work trips. Small scale street design quality alone increases sustainable mode choice for non-work trips. This is while presence of street network integration alone increases automobile use for all trip purposes. The results point to the importance of incorporating all the urban form factors of diversity, design and street network integration if the goal is to increase the use of more sustainable modes of transportation for both work and non-work trips, but also show that attitudes and preferences can modify the response to urban design factors. The findings suggest that thoughtful policies triggering certain attitudes (cost sensitivity, sensitivity to peer pressure regarding the value attributed to sustainable transportation, and transit preference) can be adopted to significantly increase sustainable mode choice even in the neighborhoods with specific physical restrictions.
机译：本文探讨了理解城市形态与出行行为之间因果关系的方法论难题，并使用整体准实验方法研究了几种城市形态因素对模式选择的可分离性边际影响以及这些因素之间的复杂关系。广泛的个人特质。数据分析和模型用于揭示这种相互作用对意大利罗马工作和非工作旅行的模式选择的影响。发现人口密度对工作旅行的可持续方式选择没有显着的边际积极影响。相反，此因素会减少非工作旅行的可持续模式选择。仅小规模街道设计质量就增加了非工作旅行的可持续模式选择。与此同时，仅街道网络集成的存在就增加了汽车在所有旅途中的使用。结果表明，如果目标是在工作和非工作旅行中增加使用更具可持续性的交通方式，则必须纳入多样性，设计和街道网络一体化的所有城市形态因素，而且还表明态度和态度。偏好可以修改对城市设计因素的响应。研究结果表明，即使在有特定身体限制的街区，也可以采用引发某些态度（成本敏感性，对同伴压力有关对可持续交通的价值的敏感性以及过境偏好）的周到政策来显着增加可持续模式的选择。

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