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Rural mobility and mode choice: Evidence from the 2001 National Household Travel Survey

机译：农村人口流动与方式选择：来自2001年全国家庭出行调查的证据

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This article uses data from the 2001 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) to compare travel behavior in rural and urban areas of the U.S. As expected, the car is the overwhelmingly dominant mode of travel. Over 97% of rural households own at least one car vs. 92% of urban households; 91% of trips are made by car in rural areas vs. 86% in urban areas. Regardless of age, income, and race, almost everyone in rural areas relies on the private car for most travel needs. Mobility levels in rural areas are generally higher than in urban areas. That results from the more dispersed residences and activity sites in rural areas, which increase trip distances and force reliance on the car. Somewhat surprisingly, the rural elderly and poor are considerably more mobile than their urban counterparts, and their mobility deficit compared to the rural population average is strikingly less than for the urban elderly and poor compared to the urban average. Data limitations prevented a measurement of accessibility, however, and it seems likely that rural areas, by their very nature, are less accessible than urban areas, especially for the small percentage of car-less poor and elderly households.
机译：本文使用2001年全国家庭出行调查（NHTS）的数据来比较美国农村和城市地区的出行行为。正如预期的那样，汽车是绝大多数的出行方式。超过97％的农村家庭拥有至少一辆汽车，而城市家庭则为92％；农村地区乘车旅行的比例为91％，而城市地区则为86％。无论年龄，收入和种族如何，农村地区几乎每个人都依赖私家车来满足大部分旅行需求。农村地区的出行水平普遍高于城市地区。这是由于农村地区的居住地和活动场所更加分散，这增加了出行距离并迫使人们依赖汽车。出乎意料的是，农村老年人和穷人的流动能力大大高于城市人口，与农村人口平均水平相比，他们的流动性赤字明显低于城市老年人和贫困人口的平均水平。数据限制无法衡量可访问性，但是就其本质而言，农村地区似乎比城市地区更难访问，尤其是对于无车无家可归的贫困和老年家庭的一小部分。

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