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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >Smallholder dairy production in Northern Malawi: production practices and constraints
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Smallholder dairy production in Northern Malawi: production practices and constraints

机译：马拉维北部的小农户乳制品生产：生产方法和限制

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摘要

Milk production in Malawi is still unsatisfactory despite efforts by different stakeholders to boost the dairy sector. To investigate the roots of the problem, a survey on the current production practices and constraints on smallholder dairy farming was conducted in the Northern Region of the country. A total of 210 farmers were interviewed. The results revealed that farmers had small herd sizes in the region with an average of 2.2 ± 0.6 cattle per farmer. Average herd size was larger in male-managed farms than in female-managed farms (2.6 ± 2.8 vs. 1.8 ± 1.3), farmers with more than 5 years of dairy farming experience had larger herds than those with less experience (2.6 ± 2.8 vs. 1.9 ± 1. 2) and farmers who grazed their animals tended to have larger herds than those that stall-fed their animals (4.4 ± 5.1 vs. 1.9 ± 1.3). Average milk production was 8.2 ± 6.5 l per cow per day. Higher average daily milk production was observed in farmers with above primary school education (10.3 ± 8.3 vs. 7.7 ± 5.6), those with dairy farming as main activity (9.3 ± 6.6 vs. 6. 5 ± 6.1) and farmers with more than 2 years of experience in dairy farming (9.3 ± 6.3 vs. 6.1 ± 6.4). Unreliable supply of improved animal genetics, poor animal health, feed shortage and poor prices for milk were considered to be the most important constraints to smallholder dairy farming in descending order.
机译：尽管不同利益相关者为促进乳业发展做出了努力，但马拉维的牛奶产量仍不能令人满意。为了调查问题的根源，在该国北部地区对当前生产方式和小农场奶牛养殖的限制进行了调查。总共采访了210位农民。结果表明，该地区农民的牛群较小，每位农民平均有2.2±0.6头牛。男性管理的农场的平均畜群规模大于女性管理的农场（2.6±2.8对1.8±1.3），拥有5年以上奶牛养殖经验的农民比没有经验的农民具有更大的畜群（2.6±2.8对vs 。1.9±1. 2）和放牧他们的牲畜的农民比放牧喂养他们的牲畜的牲畜往往更大（4.4±5.1 vs. 1.9±1.3）。每头奶牛每天的平均产奶量为8.2±6.5升。小学以上文化程度的农民（10.3±8.3对7.7±5.6），以奶牛业为主要活动的农民（9.3±6.6对6. 5±6.1）和大于2的农民每天的平均牛奶产量较高。年的奶牛养殖经验（9.3±6.3对6.1±6.4）。改善动物遗传资源供应不可靠，动物健康状况不佳，饲料短缺以及牛奶价格低廉，被认为是小农户奶牛养殖业降序排列的最重要制约因素。

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