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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >Social and gender determinants of risk of cryptosporidiosis, an emerging zoonosis, in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenya
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Social and gender determinants of risk of cryptosporidiosis, an emerging zoonosis, in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenya

机译：肯尼亚内罗毕的达戈雷蒂市，隐性孢子虫病（一种新兴的人畜共患病）风险的社会和性别决定因素

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摘要

The aim of the study was to investigate the social and gender determinants of the risk of exposure to Cryptosporidium from urban dairying in Dagoretti, Nairobi. Focus group discussions were held in six locations to obtain qualitative information on risk of exposure. A repeated cross-sectional descriptive study included participatory assessment and household questionnaires (300 randomly selected urban dairy farming households and 100 non-dairying neighbours). One-hundred dairy households randomly selected from the 300 dairy households participated in an additional economic survey along with 40 neighbouring non-dairy households. We found that exposure to Cryptosporidium was influenced by gender, age and role in the household. Farm workers and people aged 50 to 65 years had most contact with cattle, and women had greater contact with raw milk. However, children had relatively higher consumption of raw milk than other age groups. Adult women had more daily contact with cattle faeces than adult men, and older women had more contact than older men. Employees had greater contact with cattle than other groups and cattle faeces, and most (77 %) were male. Women took more care of sick people and were more at risk from exposure by this route. Poverty did not affect the level of exposure to cattle but did decrease consumption of milk. There was no significant difference between men and women as regards levels of knowledge on symptoms of cryptosporidiosis infections or other zoonotic diseases associated with dairy farming. Awareness of cryptosporidiosis and its transmission increased significantly with rising levels of education. Members of non-dairy households and children under the age of 12 years had significantly higher odds of reporting diarrhoea: gender, season and contact with cattle or cattle dung were not significantly linked with diarrhoea. In conclusion, social and gender factors are important determinants of exposure to zoonotic disease in Nairobi.
机译：这项研究的目的是调查内罗毕达戈雷蒂市城市奶业暴露于隐孢子虫风险的社会和性别决定因素。在六个地点举行了焦点小组讨论，以获取有关接触风险的定性信息。一项重复的横断面描述性研究包括参与性评估和家庭问卷（300个随机选择的城市奶牛养殖户和100个非奶牛邻居）。从300个奶牛家庭中随机选择的100个奶牛家庭与40个相邻的非奶牛家庭一起参加了一项额外的经济调查。我们发现，隐孢子虫的暴露受到性别，年龄和家庭角色的影响。农场工人和50至65岁的人与牛的接触最多，妇女与生乳的接触更多。但是，与其他年龄段的孩子相比，儿童的原奶消耗量相对较高。成年女性与牛粪的日常接触要多于成年男性，而老年妇女则比老年人多。员工与牛群的接触比其他群体和牛粪更多，大多数（77％）是男性。妇女更多地照顾病人，并更容易受到这种途径的暴露。贫困并未影响牛的接触水平，但确实减少了牛奶的消耗。关于隐孢子虫病感染或与奶牛饲养有关的其他人畜共患疾病的症状的知识水平，男女之间没有显着差异。随着教育水平的提高，对隐孢子虫病及其传播的认识也大大提高。非奶牛家庭成员和12岁以下儿童报告腹泻的几率明显更高：性别，季节和与牛或牛粪的接触与腹泻没有显着联系。总之，社会和性别因素是内罗毕人畜共患疾病暴露的重要决定因素。

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