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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >A trans-disciplinary study on the health risks of cryptosporidiosis from dairy systems in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenya: study background and farming system characteristics
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A trans-disciplinary study on the health risks of cryptosporidiosis from dairy systems in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenya: study background and farming system characteristics

机译：肯尼亚内罗毕达戈雷蒂乳制品系统隐孢子虫病健康风险跨学科研究：研究背景和农业系统特征

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This paper characterises the dairy farming system in Dagoretti, Nairobi. Characterisation was part of a broader ecohealth project to estimate the prevalence and risk of cryptosporidiosis and develop risk mitigation strategies. In the project a trans-disciplinary team addressed epidemiological, socioeconomic, environmental and policy aspects of cryptosporidiosis, an emerging zoonosis. This paper also provides background and describes sampling methods for the wider project. Three hundred dairy households were probabilistically sampled from a sampling frame of all dairy households in five of the six locations of Dagoretti, one of the eight districts of Nairobi Province. Randomly selected households identified 100 non-dairy-keeping households who also took part in the study. A household questionnaire was developed, pre-tested and administered in the dry and wet seasons of 2006. An additional study on livelihood and economic benefits of dairying took place with 100 dairy farmers randomly selected from the 300 farms (as well as 40 non-dairy neighbours as a control group), and a risk-targeted survey of environmental contamination with Cryptosporidium was conducted with 20 farmers randomly selected from the 29 farmers in the wider survey who were considered at high risk because of farming system. We found that around 1 in 80 urban households kept dairy cattle with an average of three cattle per household. Cross-breeds of exotic and local cattle predominate. Heads of dairy-keeping households were significantly less educated than the heads of non-dairy neighbours, had lived in Dagoretti for significantly longer and had significantly larger households. There was a high turnover of 10 % of the cattle population in the 3-month period of the study. Cattle were zero grazed, but productivity parameters were sub-optimal as were hygiene and husbandry practices. In conclusion, dairy keeping is a minor activity in urban Nairobi but important to households involved and their community. Ecohealth approaches are well suited to tackling the complex problem of assessing and managing emerging zoonoses in urban settings.
机译：本文介绍了内罗毕达戈雷蒂的奶牛养殖系统。表征是更广泛的生态健康项目的一部分，该项目旨在评估隐孢子虫病的患病率和风险并制定风险缓解策略。在该项目中，跨学科团队研究了隐孢子虫病（一种新兴的人畜共患病）的流行病学，社会经济，环境和政策问题。本文还提供了背景知识，并介绍了更广泛项目的抽样方法。在内罗毕省八个地区之一的达戈雷蒂六个地点中，有五个地点的所有奶农户均从抽样框架中随机抽取了300个奶户。随机选择的家庭确定了100个非奶牛家庭，他们也参与了研究。编制了一份家庭问卷，在2006年的干燥和潮湿季节对其进行了预先测试和管理。另外一项关于乳业的生计和经济效益的研究是从300个农场（以及40个非乳业的农场）中随机选出的100个乳农进行的。邻居作为对照组），并从较广泛调查中的29位农户中随机选出20位因养殖系统而处于高风险的农民，对隐孢子虫的环境污染进行了针对风险的调查。我们发现，每80个城市家庭中就有1个饲养奶牛，平均每个家庭饲养3头奶牛。外来牛和当地牛的杂种占主导地位。奶牛饲养户的户主受教育程度要比非奶牛邻舍的户主低，在达戈雷蒂生活的时间长得多，户数也要大得多。在研究的3个月中，牛群的周转率很高，为10％。牛的放牧为零，但生产力参数和卫生与饲养管理都不理想。总之，在内罗毕市区，奶牛饲养是次要活动，但对相关家庭及其社区很重要。生态健康方法非常适合解决评估和管理城市环境中新出现的人畜共患病这一复杂问题。

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