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A Survey of Small-scale Broiler Production Systems in Botswana

机译：博茨瓦纳小型肉鸡生产系统的调查

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摘要

Aspects of husbandry, productivity parameters, diseases, marketing and farmer attitudes in small-scale broiler farms in Botswana were studied using a questionnaire-based survey. The number of broilers per production cycle in small-scale operations ranged from 100 to 2000, with an average of 640. On average, small-scale producers had 4–5 production cycles per annum with an interval of 2–3 weeks between batches. The average marketing age was 48.3 days at a live weight of 1.79 kg and a carcase weight of 1.42 kg. The average feed conversion ratio was estimated to be 2.72 (kg feed/kg live weight) and the average mortality was 9.15%. Overall, the performance indices of broilers under small-scale farm conditions were much poorer than those obtained elsewhere under improved management conditions, but these lower performance levels are suggestive of the potential that exists for further improvement. The survey also identified several areas of concern that constrain the realization of the full potential of this sector. Factors contributing to the poor performance under small-scale farm conditions are complex, but feed supply and quality, chick quality and farmer training appear to be areas for immediate improvement.
机译：使用基于问卷的调查研究了博茨瓦纳小型肉鸡场的饲养，生产率参数，疾病，销售和农民态度等方面。在小规模生产中，每个生产周期的肉鸡数量为100至2000，平均为640。平均而言，小规模生产者每年有4–5个生产周期，每批之间间隔2–3周。平均销售年龄为48.3天，活重为1.79千克，畜体重量为1.42千克。平均饲料转化率估计为2.72（公斤饲料/公斤活重），平均死亡率为9.15％。总体而言，小规模农场条件下的肉鸡的性能指数要比其他地方的鸡在改进的管理条件下要低得多，但是这些较低的水平表明存在进一步改进的潜力。调查还确定了几个令人关注的领域，这些领域限制了该部门的全部潜力的实现。造成小规模农场条件下性能低下的因素很复杂，但饲料供应和质量，雏鸡质量和农民培训似乎是需要立即改进的领域。

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