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A survey analysis of indigenous goat production in communal farming systems of Botswana

机译：博茨瓦纳公社农业系统的土着山羊生产调查分析

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A total of 153 communal farmers in four agro-ecological regions of Botswana were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The aims of the survey were to characterise existing communal goat production systems, evaluate the importance of goats to farmers and identify breeding practices and constraints encountered in goat production in Botswana. Data was collected on socio-economic parameters, general and breeding management practices and major constraints limiting goat production in Botswana. All respondents were small-scale communal farmers with 63% respondents practising mixed crop-livestock farming and 37% keeping livestock as their primary activity. The majority (33%) of respondents were older than 60 years. Over 80% of the farmers kept goats for cash required for tuition, school uniforms and household commodities as well as re-stocking of animals. Most farmers (62%) kept indigenous crossed genotypes. Generally, uncontrolled mating was practised with the majority of farmers (41%) using on-farm reared bucks for more than two years of breeding and communal bucks (36%) as an alternative. The major constraints limiting goat productivity in communal areas included uncontrolled breeding, predators, theft and diseases. Issues raised by farmers should be considered in designing and implementing effective breeding programs for goats to improve their overall productivity and contribution to poverty alleviation in these communities.
机译：使用结构化问卷采访了博茨瓦纳的四个农业生态地区共有153名公共农民。调查的目标是特征是现有的公共山羊生产系统，评估山羊对博茨瓦纳山羊生产中遇到的育种实践和限制的重要性。关于社会经济参数，一般和育种管理实践以及限制博茨瓦纳山羊生产的主要制约因素。所有受访者都是小型公共农民，63％的受访者练习混合作物 - 牲畜养殖和37％保持牲畜作为其主要活动。大多数（33％）受访者年龄超过60岁。超过80％的农民保留了学费，校服和家庭商品以及重新放养动物所需的现金。大多数农民（62％）保持土着交叉的基因型。一般来说，使用大多数农民（41％）使用在农场饲养的牛排超过两年的育种和公共船只（36％）作为替代方案，因此不受控制的交配。限制公共区域山羊生产力的主要限制包括不受控制的育种，捕食者，盗窃和疾病。农民提出的问题应在设计和实施山羊的有效育种方案时审议，以提高他们对这些社区贫困的整体生产力和贡献。

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