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Participatory Governance and the Spatial Representation of Neighborhood Issues

机译：参与式治理与邻里问题的空间表征

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摘要

In democratic theory, community-representing organizations play a critical role in mediating between citizens and elites. While proponents argue that neighborhood governance can improve efficacy and responsiveness of urban governance, critics warn that socioeconomic bias privileges the parochial interests of higher-income residents. There is limited knowledge, however, concerning the specific types of activities community-representing organizations undertake. This study illuminates the community mediation process through an analysis of the agenda orientation of community-representing organizations. An analysis of actual meeting agendas from Los Angeles neighborhood councils demonstrates that these community-representing organizations engage with varied issues including community improvement and other types of service needs or preferences in addition to land use. The findings suggest a more complex relationship between income and agenda orientation than is generally acknowledged. In particular, lower-income communities focus heavily on internal maintenance and capacity development activities that may displace engagement with more substantive issues. In contrast to the conventional wisdom that these organizations are likely to channel middle-class NIMBYism, the analysis reveals a U-shaped relationship between income and land-use emphasis, evidence that engagement in landuse is also emphasized in lower-income communities that historically have been the target of locally undesirable land uses.
机译：在民主理论中，社区代表组织在公民与精英之间的调解中起着至关重要的作用。支持者认为，社区治理可以提高城市治理的效率和响应能力，但批评家警告说，社会经济偏见优先考虑高收入居民的狭och利益。但是，关于社区代表组织从事的具体活动类型的知识有限。这项研究通过分析社区代表组织的议程方向来阐明社区调解过程。洛杉矶社区委员会对实际会议议程的分析表明，这些代表社区的组织除了土地使用外，还涉及各种问题，包括社区改善和其他类型的服务需求或偏好。研究结果表明，收入与议程取向之间的关系比通常公认的更为复杂。尤其是，低收入社区将重点放在内部维护和能力开发活动上，这些活动可能会使人们无法参与更具实质性的问题。与这些组织可能会传播中产阶级NIMBYism的传统观点相反，该分析揭示了收入与土地利用重点之间的U型关系，有证据表明，在历史上具有低收入的社区中也强调了参与土地利用成为当地不良土地利用的目标。

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