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A Tale of Two Cities: Public participation and sustainability in decision-making on water systems in two Polish cities

机译：两个城市的故事：波兰两个城市水系统决策中的公众参与和可持续性

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摘要

Like all transition countries in Eastern Europe, Poland after 1990 faced the problem of how to deal with a legacy of poor or non-existent water and wastewater systems, which required large-scale investment to meet environmental and consumer concerns. It faced this problem, along with rising public pressure and, later, the external factor of European Union standards, whilst undergoing a radical economic and political transformation. This paper looks at two Polish cities, Gdansk and Lodz, and compares and contrasts their experiences in meeting these challenges, drawing on reports carried out for the European Union-funded WaterTime project.
机译：像东欧的所有转型国家一样，波兰在1990年之后也面临着如何应对水或废水系统不佳或根本不存在的遗留问题，这需要大规模投资来满足环境和消费者的关注。它面临着这个问题，同时伴随着不断增加的公众压力以及后来的欧洲联盟标准外部因素，同时经历了巨大的经济和政治变革。本文考察了波兰的两个城市格但斯克和罗兹，并根据欧盟资助的WaterTime项目所做的报告，比较并对比了他们应对这些挑战的经验。

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