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首页> 外文期刊>Water, Air, and Soil Pollution >HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE (RDX) DEGRADATION IN BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE IRON COLUMNS
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HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE (RDX) DEGRADATION IN BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE IRON COLUMNS

机译：生物活性铁柱中的HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-三嗪（RDX）降解

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Flow-through columns were used to evaluate the efficacy of permeable reactive iron barriers to treat groundwater contamination by RDX. Three columns were packed with iron filings (Fe~0) between soil and sand layers, and were fed continuously with unlabeled plus ~(14)C-labeled RDX to characterize its removal efficiency under different microbial conditions. One column was poison-sterilized to isolate chemical degradation processes, another was not poisoned to allow colonization of the Fe~0 layer by indigenous microorganisms, and a third column was amended with anaerobic sludge to evaluate the benefits of enhancing biodegradation through bioaugmentation. Extensive RDX removal (> 99%) occurred through the Fe~0 layer of all columns for more than one year, although ~(14)C-label analysis indicated the presence of soluble byproducts such as methylenedinitramine. RDX byproducts accumulated to a lesser extent in biologically active columns, possibly due to enhanced mineralization by the cumulative action of microbial and chemical degradation processes. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles and nucleotide sequencing revealed a predominance of Acetobacterium sp. in the iron layer of all columns after 95 days. Such homoacetogenic bacteria probably feed on hydrogen produced during Fe~0 corrosion and participate on the RDX degradation process. This notion was supported by batch experiments with a mixed homoacetogenic culture isolated from the bioaugmented column, which degraded RDX and produced acetate when H_2 was present. Overall, this work suggests that Fe~0 barriers can effectively intercept RDX plumes, and that treatment efficiency can be enhanced by biogeochemical interactions though bioaugmentation.
机译：流通柱用于评估可渗透性反应性铁屏障对RDX处理地下水污染的功效。三根柱子在土壤和沙层之间充满铁屑（Fe〜0），并连续注入未标记的加〜（14）C标记的RDX，以表征其在不同微生物条件下的去除效率。一列经毒物灭菌以隔离化学降解过程，另一列未中毒以使Fe-0层被本地微生物定殖，第三列经厌氧污泥修正以评估通过生物强化增强生物降解的益处。尽管〜（14）C-标记分析表明存在可溶的副产物，例如甲基化二乙胺，但通过所有色谱柱的Fe〜0层进行的RDX去除率均超过了99％（> 99％）。 RDX副产物在生物活性色谱柱中的积累程度较小，这可能是由于微生物和化学降解过程的累积作用增强了矿化作用。变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）谱和核苷酸测序揭示了醋杆菌属的优势。 95天后在所有列的铁层中保留。这样的产乙酸菌可能以Fe〜0腐蚀过程中产生的氢为食，并参与RDX降解过程。通过从生物强化色谱柱分离出的混合均质产乙酸培养物进行分批实验，支持了这一观点，当存在H_2时，RDX降解并产生乙酸盐。总的来说，这项工作表明Fe〜0屏障可以有效地拦截RDX羽流，并且通过生物强化可以通过生物地球化学相互作用来提高处理效率。

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