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Kinds of freshwater and their relation to ecosystem services and human well-being

机译：淡水的种类及其与生态系统服务和人类福祉的关系

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摘要

The concept of ecosystem services (ESS) has evolved as a link between society and the environment and is recognized by both natural and social scientists. While this concept is increasingly being developed and applied to various ecological systems, it has not been defined specifically for different kinds of water. As water circulation is crucial for large-scale services, such as climatic and hydrological regulation at global and regional scales, water provides specific ecological and anthropogenic services needed for a myriad of chemical, biological, and social needs. Various scholars mostly deal with one specific kind of water, while efforts at water governance need to understand that water passes through different phases and geographical locations providing different services at multiple scales within social-ecological systems. Hence, this paper addresses the question: what are the ESS of different kinds of freshwater and how are these services linked to human well-being? This paper investigates the literature on the subject to create a taxonomy of the kinds of water and their relations to ESS and human well-being. The paper concludes by identifying the implications for governing different kinds of water in order to enhance the potential for optimizing the ESS provided by water in its different phases.
机译：生态系统服务（ESS）的概念已经发展成为社会与环境之间的联系，并得到了自然和社会科学家的认可。尽管这一概念正在不断发展并应用于各种生态系统，但尚未针对各种水进行专门定义。由于水循环对于大规模服务至关重要，例如全球和区域范围内的气候和水文调节，因此水可提供多种化学，生物和社会需求所需的特定生态和人为服务。各种各样的学者主要处理一种特定类型的水，而在水治理方面的努力需要理解，水在社会生态系统中流经的不同阶段和地理位置提供了多种规模的不同服务。因此，本文提出了一个问题：不同种类的淡水的ESS是什么？这些服务如何与人类福祉联系在一起？本文研究了有关该主题的文献，以建立水的种类及其与ESS和人类福祉的关系的分类法。本文通过确定对治理各种水的意义进行总结，以增强优化水在不同阶段提供的ESS的潜力。

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  • 来源
    《Water Policy》 |2016年第5期|1229-1246|共18页
  • 作者

    Hayat Shakeel; Gupta Joyeeta;

  • 作者单位

    Inst Management Sci, Peshawar, Pakistan|UNESCO, IHE Inst Water Educ, Dept Integrated Water Syst & Governance, Westvest 7, NL-2611 AX Delft, Netherlands|Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Inst Social Sci Res, Dept Human Geog Planning & Int Dev Studies, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, NL-1018 WV Amsterdam, Netherlands;

    UNESCO, IHE Inst Water Educ, Dept Integrated Water Syst & Governance, Westvest 7, NL-2611 AX Delft, Netherlands|Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Inst Social Sci Res, Dept Human Geog Planning & Int Dev Studies, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, NL-1018 WV Amsterdam, Netherlands;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Climate change; Freshwater governance; Groundwater; Human well-being; Water and ecosystem services;

    机译：气候变化;淡水治理;地下水;人类福祉;水和生态系统服务;

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