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Reevaluating onsite wastewater systems: expert recommendations and municipal decision-making

机译：重新评估现场废水系统：专家建议和市政决策

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Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) serve 20-25% of the households in the USA, and large parts of rural Canada, Australia, and Europe. Urbanization and newer environmental standards are leading many communities that currently rely on OWTS to think of alternatives. We study this decision-making in 19 municipalities across the USA through the unique lens of feasibility reports commissioned by the respective municipalities and authored by engineering/design consulting firms. The reports omitted certain essential information relevant to the decision-making process, and were not of high quality due to a lack of specificity on various parameters. However, the reports evaluated a balanced mix of decentralized and centralized treatment options, and the final recommendations were not biased in any particular direction. Most municipalities failed to take any follow-up action on the report recommendations, calling into question the motive behind commissioning these reports. Although not representative of the entire USA, the small sample of feasibility reports evaluated here is indicative in nature and provided significant insights about the inputs that help municipalities make decisions on complex issues.
机译：现场废水处理系统（OWTS）服务于美国20-25％的家庭以及加拿大，澳大利亚和欧洲农村的大部分地区。城市化和新的环境标准正在引导许多目前依靠OWTS来考虑替代方案的社区。我们通过由各个市政当局委托并由工程/设计咨询公司撰写的可行性报告的独特视角，研究了美国19个市政当局的决策制定。报告省略了与决策过程相关的某些基本信息，由于缺乏对各种参数的特异性，因此报告的质量也不高。但是，报告评估了分散和集中处理方案的平衡组合，最终建议在任何特定方向上均没有偏见。大多数市政当局没有对报告建议采取任何后续行动，这使人们质疑编写这些报告的动机。尽管不能代表整个美国，但此处评估的可行性报告样本很少，本质上是指示性的，对帮助市政当局就复杂问题做出决策的投入提供了重要见解。

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