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The role of ethics in water and food security: balancing utilitarian and intangible values

机译：道德在水和粮食安全中的作用：平衡功利主义价值与无形价值

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摘要

In the past two decades, the world has experienced deep changes in terms of globalization of goods and people, the emergence of new economic powers, political turmoil, and a sustained growth of an increasingly urban global population. These and other factors have deep implications for global water and food security, and make discussion of ethical values - often implicit in global debates - more pertinent. An understanding of the ethical issues underlying water and food security is key to formulating solutions that truly contribute to their achievement. This is particularly true when considering that water and food security is strongly intertwined with human security and environmental security, and these cannot be addressed separately. This paper argues that solving water and food problems is not only a technical challenge but also a problem of fundamental ethical values and political will. It showcases three technological advances (desalination, information technology, and modern groundwater abstraction technology) and one concept (virtual water) that could contribute to secure water and food for a growing population, thus shedding light on the lack of concerted political will to face global and water food securities. In this context, trade has the potential to help countries manage water security in a globalized world, provided that global trade is revisited and undergoes a process of deep reform in the light of ethical considerations. Water and food are not isolated from general socio-economic and political trends. Therefore the drivers resulting in the present economic crisis also affect water and food, and add further complexity to the search for solutions.
机译：在过去的二十年中，世界在商品和人员全球化，新的经济大国的崛起，政治动荡以及日益增长的全球城市人口的持续增长方面经历了深刻的变化。这些因素和其他因素对全球水和粮食安全具有深远的影响，并使对伦理价值的讨论（通常在全球辩论中隐含）更加相关。了解有关水和粮食安全的道德问题是制定真正有助于实现其目标的解决方案的关键。当考虑到水和粮食安全与人类安全和环境安全密切相关，而这些问题无法分开解决时，尤其如此。本文认为，解决水和粮食问题不仅是技术挑战，而且是基本的道德价值观和政治意愿问题。它展示了三项技术进步（海水淡化，信息技术和现代地下水提取技术）和一种概念（虚拟水），它们可以为越来越多的人口提供水和食物，从而阐明了缺乏一致的政治意愿面对全球和水食品证券。在这种情况下，只要重新审视全球贸易并根据道德考量进行深刻的改革，贸易就有可能帮助各国管理全球化世界中的水安全。水和食物并非与一般的社会经济和政治趋势隔离开来。因此，导致当前经济危机的驱动因素也影响了水和食物，并进一步增加了寻找解决方案的难度。

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  • 来源
    《Water Policy》 |2012年第1期|p.89-105|共17页
  • 作者

    Elena Lopez-Gunn; Lucia De Stefano; M. Ramon Llamas;

  • 作者单位

    Water Observatory, Botin Foundation, Departamento de Geodindmica, Facultad de Ciencias Geologicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;

    Water Observatory, Botin Foundation, Departamento de Geodindmica, Facultad de Ciencias Geologicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;

    Water Observatory, Botin Foundation, Departamento de Geodindmica, Facultad de Ciencias Geologicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    desalination; environmental security; groundwater silent revolution; human security; virtual water trade; water and food security;

    机译：海水淡化环境安全;地下水无声革命;人身安全;虚拟水贸易;水与粮食安全;

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