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首页> 外文期刊>Water resources research >Natural and Human Influences on the Link Between Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices for a Large Set of Catchments in the Contiguous United States
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Natural and Human Influences on the Link Between Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices for a Large Set of Catchments in the Contiguous United States

机译：自然和人为影响对连续美国大量集水区的气象和水文干旱指数之间的联系

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Precipitation-based drought indices are most commonly used in drought monitoring and early warning systems whereas impacts of drought are often related to other domains of the hydrological cycle such as streamflow. Precipitation droughts do not always coincide with streamflow droughts, as the propagation from precipitation to streamflow is affected by climate, catchment properties, and human influences. For monitoring in ungauged catchments it is the question to what extent drought indices solely based on precipitation or other (more recently developed) meteorological drought indices that include evaporation or snowmelt, have a stronger correlation with streamflow, and whether this correlation is weaker in catchments where streamflow is altered by human influences. Results of a correlation exercise between various meteorological drought indices and streamflow showed that the strongest correlation was often found for meteorological drought indices that include evaporation (especially in drier climates) or snow processes (especially in colder climates). Most catchments with an indicated presence of human influences showed a maximum correlation between meteorological drought indices and streamflow that was comparable in strength to the same correlation for catchments with near-natural flow. However, up to 15% of catchments with an indicated presence of human influences show weaker correlations. Drought indices derived from these influenced records with a weaker correlation do not necessarily correspond to reported drought impacts. In conclusion, knowing which meteorological drought index has the strongest correlation with streamflow in different climate zones has the potential of improving large-scale drought monitoring and early warning systems in ungauged areas or regions that lack real-time streamflow availability.
机译：基于降水的干旱指数最常用于干旱监测和预警系统，而干旱的影响往往与水文循环的其他领域（如水流）有关。降水干旱并不总是与河流干旱同时发生，因为从降水到河流的扩散受气候，集水性质和人为因素的影响。为了监测未开垦的集水区，问题是仅基于降水或其他（较新近发展的）气象干旱指数（包括蒸发或融雪）的干旱指数在多大程度上与水流相关，以及在集水区的这种相关性是否较弱？人为因素改变了流量。各种气象干旱指数与水流之间的相关性研究结果表明，经常发现包括蒸发（尤其是在较干燥的气候中）或降雪过程（尤其是在较冷的气候中）的气象干旱指数之间的相关性最强。指示人类影响的大多数流域显示出气象干旱指数与水流之间的最大相关性，其强度可与具有近乎自然流动的流域的相关性相比。但是，多达15％的受人类影响的流域显示出较弱的相关性。从这些受影响的记录中得出的干旱指数之间的相关性较弱，不一定与所报告的干旱影响相对应。总之，了解哪个气象干旱指数与不同气候区的流量最相关，有可能改善缺乏实时流量可用量的未受污染地区或地区的大规模干旱监测和预警系统。

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