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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Hydrology >Complex influences of meteorological drought time-scales on hydrological droughts in natural basins of the contiguous Unites States
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Complex influences of meteorological drought time-scales on hydrological droughts in natural basins of the contiguous Unites States

机译：气象干旱时间尺度对连续汇总天然盆地水文干旱的复杂影响

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We analyzed the relationships between meteorological drought and hydrological drought using very dense and diverse network of gauged natural drainage basins across the conterminous U.S. Specifically, this work utilized a dataset of 289 gauging stations, covering the period 1940-2013. Drainage basins were obtained for each gauging station using a digital terrain model. In addition to meteorological data (e.g., precipitation, air temperature and the atmospheric evaporative demand), we obtained a number of topographic, soil and remote sensing variables for each defined drainage basin. A hydrological drought index (the Standardized Streamflow Index; SSI) was computed for each basin and linked to the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), which was used as a metric of climatic drought severity. The relationships between different SPEI time-scales and their corresponding SSI were assessed by means of a Pearson correlation coefficient. Also, the general patterns of response of hydrological droughts to climatic droughts were identified using a principal component analysis. Overall, results demonstrate a positive response of SSI to SPEI at shorter time-scales, with strong seasonality and clear spatial differences. We also assessed the role of some climatic and environmental factors in explaining these different responses using a predictive discriminant analysis. Results indicate that elevation and vegetation coverage are the main drivers of the diverse response of SSI to SPEI time-scales. Similar analyses were made for three sub-periods (1940-1964, 1965-1989 and 1989-2013), whose results confirm considerable differences in the response of SSI to SPEI over the past eighty years.
机译：我们分析了通过在孔雀石U.S中使用非常密集和多样化的测量的自然排水盆地的气象干旱和水文干旱之间的关系。具体而言，这项工作利用了289个测量站的数据集，涵盖了1940-2013期。使用数字地形模型为每个测量站获得排水盆。除气象数据（例如，降水，空气温度和大气蒸发需求）外，我们还获得了各种限定的排水盆地的许多地形，土壤和遥感变量。为每个盆地计算水文干旱指数（标准化流射指数; SSI）并与标准化沉淀蒸发散热物指数（SPEI）连接，其用作气候干旱严重程度的指标。通过Pearson相关系数评估不同SPEI时间尺度与其对应的SSI之间的关系。此外，使用主要成分分析鉴定了水文干旱对气候干旱反应的一般模式。总体而言，结果表明SSI以较短的时间尺度对SPEI的积极反应，具有强烈的季节性和清晰的空间差异。我们还评估了一些气候和环境因素的作用，用于使用预测判别分析解释这些不同的反应。结果表明，高程和植被覆盖率是SSI对SPEI时间尺度的多样性响应的主要驱动因素。为三个子期（1940-1964,1965-1989和1989-2013）进行了类似的分析，其结果证实了过去八十年来SSI对Spei的反应的相当大。

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