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Self-employment, work-family time and the gender division of labour

机译：自营职业，工作家庭时间和性别分工

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Does being self-employed, as opposed to being an employee, make a difference to how parents with young children can balance work and family demands? Does self-employment facilitate more equal gender divisions of labour? This article uses the Australian Time Use Survey to identify associations between self-employment and mothers' and fathers' time in paid work, domestic labour and childcare and when during the day they perform these activities. The time self-employed mothers devote to each activity differs substantially from that of employee mothers, while fathers' time is relatively constant across employment types. Working from home is highly correlated with self-employment for mothers, implying the opportunity to be home-based is a pull factor in mothers becoming self-employed. Results suggest mothers use self-employment to combine earning and childcare whereas fathers prioritize paid work regardless of employment type. Self-employment is not associated with gender redistribution of paid and unpaid work, although it facilitates some rescheduling.
机译：与成为雇员相比，自雇而不是雇员对父母如何平衡工作和家庭需求有影响？自营职业是否促进了更平等的性别分工？本文使用《澳大利亚时间使用调查》来确定个体经营与父母在有偿工作，家政劳动和育儿方面的时间以及他们白天从事这些活动的时间之间的关联。自雇母亲从事每项活动的时间与雇员母亲的时间有很大不同，而父亲的时间在不同职业类型中相对恒定。在家工作与母亲的自谋职业高度相关，这意味着在家工作的机会是母亲自谋职业的重要因素。结果表明，母亲使用个体经营将收入和育儿结合起来，而父亲则优先考虑有偿工作，而与工作类型无关。自营职业与有偿和无偿工作的性别再分配无关，尽管它有助于重新安排工作时间。

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