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首页> 外文期刊>世界経済評論 >The Economics of GATT: Making Economic Sense out of a 'Mercantilist' Institution
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The Economics of GATT: Making Economic Sense out of a 'Mercantilist' Institution

机译：关贸总协定的经济学：从“重商主义”制度中体现经济意义

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I have described recent work on the theory of trade agreements that speaks to the design of GATT. I have argued that, in the absence of a trade agreement, the unilateral trade policy choices of the governments of large countries would give rise to inefficiencies that stem from a common source: the ability to shift costs on to trading partners through world price movements. With this "problem" identified, I have then illustrated how GATT's central features can be interpreted as offering a "solution" to this problem, and thereby as offering governments an avenue of escape from a terms-of-trade driven Prisoners' Dilemma. Finally, I have illustrated how this perspective can be applied to the study of "new issues" currently before the WTO, by examining how the WTO might approach the issue of labor and environmental standards. This line of research is still in its infancy. My description of GATT's key features here has just scratched the surface of the complex reality of GATT/WTO rules. And there are a host of important empirical questions raised by this research that should be addressed. But I hope that by describing this research I have convinced others that the GATT/WTO is an institution whose broad features can be understood with economic principles, and that the study of the GATT/WTO from an economic perspective is a promising area of future research.
机译：我已经描述了有关关贸总协定设计的贸易协议理论的最新工作。我认为，如果没有达成贸易协议，大国政府的单边贸易政策选择将导致效率低下，这种效率低下源于一个共同的来源：通过世界价格变动将成本转移给贸易伙伴的能力。在确定了这个“问题”之后，我随后说明了关贸总协定的主要特征如何被解释为为这个问题提供“解决方案”，从而为各国政府提供了摆脱贸易条款驱动的囚徒困境的途径。最后，我通过研究WTO如何处理劳工和环境标准问题，说明了这种观点如何适用于目前在WTO之前对“新问题”的研究。这方面的研究还处于起步阶段。我在这里对关贸总协定的主要功能的描述，刚刚触及到了关贸总协定/世贸组织规则的复杂现实。这项研究提出了许多重要的经验性问题，需要解决。但是我希望通过描述这项研究，我使其他人相信，关贸总协定/世贸组织是一个可以用经济原理理解其广泛特征的机构，并且从经济角度研究关贸总协定/世贸组织是未来研究的一个有希望的领域。

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  • 来源
    《世界経済評論》 |2002年第11s期|p.25-39|共15页
  • 作者

    Robert W. Staiger;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 f;
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