首页>中文会议>其他>第三届结构工程新进展国际论坛
第三届结构工程新进展国际论坛

第三届结构工程新进展国际论坛

  • 召开年:2009
  • 召开地:上海
  • 出版时间: 2009-11-13

主办单位:;同济大学;;

会议文集:第三届结构工程新进展国际论坛论文集

会议论文
全选(0
  • 摘要:Using previously developed and validated finite element (FE) models, an investigation into the behaviour of stainless steel bolted connections has been carried out.Both net section rupture and bearing failure were studied.The main parameters affecting net section rupture were found to be edge distance e2 and bolt configuration. It was shown thatthe ductility of stainless steel is sufficient to ensure a failure at the full fracture load (netarea x ultimate tensile strength) for both thick and thin material and hence no reduction factor is required in the design equation. This was confirmed by reliability analysis and asuitable partial safety factor has been derived. The investigation into bearing behaviour showed that the deformation response of stainless steel connections is different from that of carbon steel connections, with stainless steel exhibiting pronounced strain hardening. Thelocations of fracture initiation obtained from the numerical models match those observed during experimental studies of carbon steel and stainless steel connections. The results ofthe parametric study were utilised as the basis for the development of design provisions forbearing failure in stainless steel bolted connections, covering both cases in which deformation controls and those for which ultimate strength is the only criterion.
  • 摘要:Over the past number of years the author has conducted an extensive data collection and evaluation of steel structures research projects in all areas of the world.The paper focuses on subject matter as well as trends, discerning major directions for steel construction insofar as materials, members, systems and analysis techniques are concerned.Fabrication and construction issues are also addressed, in as much as the research efforts tie together theories of analysis and design.Design philosophy developments are particularly important, especially for appropriate limit states treatment, performance demands and extreme loading conditions.All of these subject feed directly into the design codes that areunder continuous development.In that respect the design results are remarkably similar inall geographical regions, save for certain unique characteristics that are usually dictated by engineering preferences and environmental needs.Based on a large number of papers thathave been prepared by the author as part of his data collection, selected research project topics are provided within each of the segments of the paper, including names of institu-dons and lead researchers, whenever available.
  • 摘要:The most difficult component in the mitigation of devastating disasters is that extreme events happen only once, in one location, and occur only every 1000 to 2000years.Twothousand years is 70 generations in one family and it is longer than the historyof a country in some cases.Almost all people even including professionals in the government sector and the engineering societies may believe that there will no major earthquakesin the near future if they live in the area where the last major earthquake happened a few generations ago.
  • 摘要:本文提出一种由上部单层柱面网壳和下部弦支体系组合而成的弦支柱面网壳,对其结构型体进行了研究。根据单层柱面网壳网格类型和弦支形式提出了n环弦支单向斜杆正交正放网格型柱面网壳、n环弦支两向正交正放网格型柱面网壳、n环弦支联方网格型柱面网壳、n环弦支三向网格型柱面网壳等四种弦支柱面网壳。并以n环弦支单向斜杆正交正放网格型为例对弦支柱面网壳的受力特性进行了深入研究,探讨了预应力水平、杆件截面、矢跨比等参数变化对弦支柱面网壳内力和变位的影响,并对其特征值屈曲、非线性屈曲和基本模态进行了分析。最后结合一个实际工程进行了结构模型设计和试验。分析研究结果表明,矩形平面的弦支柱面网壳是一种技术经济指标优越、有推广应用前景的新型空间结构。
  • 摘要:本文首先考虑以截面宽厚比、长宽比、偏心率、长细比、轴压比等主要因素,进行了4个L形钢管混凝土轴压短柱试件的试验研究、6个偏压试件的试验研究和6个滞回试验研究,在此基础上,提出了L形钢管混凝土在轴压、压弯下的承载力简化公式及简化的荷载—位移恢复力模型。再对6个平面框架和3个空间框架中L形钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁连接节点进行了拟静力试验研究,考察不同轴压比、梁柱线刚度比、柱子管壁宽厚比及不同加载角度等因素对节点抗震性能的影响。由此得到节点荷载—位移曲线及骨架曲线.最后对4个1/2.5缩尺比例L形钢管混凝土空间框架进行抗震性能试验,考察了不同轴压比、不同加载方向对试件抗震性能的影响,了解异L钢管混凝土空间框架在地震作用下的破坏过程,得到结构顶点水平荷载和位移的滞回曲线及骨架曲线。这些研究工作为L形钢管混凝土柱钢框架的工程设计提供了理论基础。
  • 摘要:本研究试体为一实尺寸两层特殊同心斜撑钢构架,试体高度为6.66公尺,宽度为6.7公尺,斜撑安排之形状为X形。试验总共进行三次,使用相同梁柱构架,替换不同形式之斜撑与接合板。本研究分别建立三次试验之有限元素分析模型,进行各试体之反覆侧推分析。文中详细介绍分析模型之材料、分析元素、边界条件、假设之初始缺陷与施力方式。试验结果显示试体的确能提供足夠的消能能力,顶层位移角变形容量接近正负3%弧度,而X形配置之斜撑挫屈行为会互相牵动,所有斜撑皆发生挫屈,结构变形与破坏集中于斜撑与接合板,斜撑最大面外变形可达40cm,但并未对梁柱造成明显破坏。有限元素分析结果显示分析模型可以准确分析特殊同心斜撑构架之斜撑后挫屈行为,对于斜撑挫屈、接合板弯折与斜撑局部挫屈行为皆可相当准确的模拟。
  • 摘要:本文提出了一种改进的二阶分析方法,不仅可以同时考虑金属结构局部和整体的初始缺陷,还可以考虑荷载施加次序和施工过程的影响。本文详细描述了该方法,并对忽略荷裁施加次序和施工过程影响作了分析。弹性和塑性二阶分析将用于比较。
  • 摘要:This paper discusses the structural performance of a novel steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich composite system subject to impact and blast load.Novel J-hook shear connector was invented to prevent separation of face plates from concrete core. The flexibility introduced by J-hook connectors enables this study of very thin SCS sandwich paneland potential very thick SCS sandwich panel.Six specimens subject to 100kg TNT blastwith 5 meter standoff distance were tested.The test results are reported and the factors affecting the blast resistance of SCS sandwich structures are discussed.Finite element analysis was carried out based on the blast test results. Parametric study of sandwich corestrength and core is summarized.Due to SCS sandwich structures’testified impact resistance, a novel ice caisson to protect offshore structure is proposed based on the curved sandwich structure.The ultimate strength behavior of curved SCS sandwich panels is tested.The effect of arch effect is studied both experimentally and numerically.
  • 摘要:This paper presents the latest design procedures for welded steel tubular joints.Both static design and fatigue design are covered.Recent research on thin-walled tubularjoints is reported. Discussion is made on thick-walled tubular joints that are used in miningequipment,bridges and wind farms.It also describes the new development in steel tubularjointssuch as elliptical hollow section, cast steel, bird beak joints and composite tubularA comprehensive list of references is given.
  • 摘要:在过去十多年,FRP复合材料以其高强、轻质和耐锈蚀等独特的优点成为了土木工程中的新一代结构材料。FRP复合材料在混凝土结构中的应用尤其广泛,不仅被用于对现有混凝土结构的加固,也被用于新建混凝土结构中;后者包括FRP筋混凝土结构以及结合FRP型材和混凝土的FRP-混凝土组合结构(如FRP管混凝土柱)。近年来,FRP在钢结构中的应用也得到了应有的重视。由于FRP和钢材都是承受拉应力较为理想的材料,FRP和钢较FRP和混凝土之间的互补性差,FRP的一些优势在钢结构中也较难得到充分发挥。本文首先讨论FRP的独特优势能得以较好发挥的钢结构应用例子。香港理工大学近几年在FRP应用于钢结构方面进行了大量的研究工作,本文的主要目的是对这些工作进行简要的介绍。
  • 摘要:Performance based steel and composite structural fire enginee-ring research has been an active area of research for about 20 years and there have been tremendous progresses in this area. In particular, in the last 10 years or so, there has been a surge in interestin this topic, as a result of widespread applications of performance based structural fire engineering in reducing the cost of fire protection without compromising structural safety andhigh profile cases of fire induced structural collapse, including the World Trade Center buildings on 11 September 2001. This paper will provide a detailed state of the art reporton different aspects of behaviour of steel and composite structures under fire conditions,including recent developments on fire behaviour, heat transfer, thermal and mechanicalproperties of materials at elevated temperatures and steel and composite joint structural behaviour at elevated temperatures. Structural behaviour in fire is a highly complex problem.Therefore, despite efforts from many researchers all over the world in the last 20 years orso, there are still many challenging problems and this paper wi-ll present some future research directions in this area.
  • 摘要:Floor vibration due to walking as a serviceability concern has not been well addressed in design and construction of lightweight floors.The high strength and stiffness ofsteel provide the advantage of achieving longer floor spans.However, floors with longer span and lighter weight are likely to be susceptible to annoying vibrations induced by normal human activity such as walking.Designing a lightweight floor to control these annoying vibrations can be difficult due to lack of appropriate design guidelines.Furthermore,correcting inadequacies after construction is usually very costly.Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the vibration performance of lightweight cold-formed steel floors in current practice and identify the framing details that will contribute to limiting the annoying vibradons.Presented in this paper is a multi-phase study on the vibration performance of coldformed steel floors performed at the University of Waterloo.Full-scale floor systems withdifferent framing details were constructed and tested in both laboratory and in situ condidons.The floor framing details that enhance the floor performance against vibrations arediscussed.The results of the tests show that cold-formed steel floor systems with appropriate design and construction details can perform well against floor vibration due to human walking.
  • 摘要:为了研究冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢组合工字梁的承载力性能,对三种截面形式共计9根卷边槽钢组合工字梁进行了破坏性试验研究,然后建立有限元分析方法对试件进行模拟分析,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了本文有限元方法的正确性。接着采用有限元方法对冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢组合工字梁进行大量的参数分析,钢种和受压翼缘宽厚比对受压翼缘有效宽厚比的影响较大,梁的长度、腹板高厚比与板件厚度对梁受压翼缘有效宽厚比的影响小。最后对典型截面梁构件进行了参数分析,得出了卷边槽钢组合工字梁受压翼缘板件的有效宽厚比计算表格与计算公式,提出了计算冷弯薄壁型钢梁极限承载力的有效宽度法、折减强度法及其相应计算公式,并通过试验验证了本文有效宽度法和折减强度法计算梁极限承载力的正确性。
  • 摘要:从支撑性能、芯板材性和节点连接三方面给出了屈曲约束支撑的设计要求。研制了TJI型和TJII型两种新型屈曲约束支撑,低周反复荷载试验研究表明其具有良好、稳定的滞回性能和耗能能力。建立了屈曲约束支撑滞回模型、刚度方程和迭代算法,并编写了计算机程序,对低周反复荷载试验的计算分析结果表明所提模型和算法能准确模拟屈曲约束支撑的滞回性能。通过计算屈曲约束支撑附加给结构的有效阻尼比,建立了屈曲约束支撑刚接和半刚接框架弹塑性地震反应简化计算方法,算例表明所提简化方法的计算结果与弹塑性时程分析结果吻合良好。针对一个8层典型建筑,对屈曲约束支撑与普通支撑框架结构进行弹塑性地震反应对比,结果表明在大震下,屈曲约束支撑发挥了“保险丝”的作用,避免梁柱发生显著屈服,而普通支撑发生屈曲,使得梁柱出现大量塑性铰,层间位移超过1/50,对结构不利。提出了屈曲约束支撑铰接框架结构,分析表明其滞回性能与刚接框架相当,具有良好的耗能能力,并基于有效阻尼比建立了屈曲约束支撑铰接框架弹塑性地震反应简化计算方法,计算结果与时程分析结果接近.结合TJI型和TJⅡ型屈曲约束支撑在公共建筑、体育场馆、重型工业厂房、学校加固工程、物流仓库、办公楼、酒店建筑等方面的工程实例,介绍了提供主要抗侧刚度、提供抗扭刚度、调整竖向刚度分布等屈曲约束支撑的三种典型应用方式,表明屈曲约束支撑不仅可以提高整体结构的抗震性能,而且可以使结构设计更加合理、灵活,使结构更加高效、经济。
  • 摘要:为提高大跨度桁梁结构体系防止连续性倒塌破坏的能力,进行模型结构实验和数值分析研究。根据非干扰性、破坏瞬时性和操作可控性的要求,研制了构件局部破坏的机械式触发装置;用非接触式摄影测量技术和高频应变测量技术获取了实验模型在短时动力过程中的位移和应变数据。采用静力方法和动力方法分别对桁梁结构在多种局部破坏条件下进行了倒塌过程分析,揭示了不同位置构件破坏将在具有抗剪抗弯性能的桁梁中产生转动铰机制、滑移面机制和长杆失稳机制,并影响之后的荷载路径重组方式和剩余构件的内力。根据实验和分析,提出了桁梁结构系统中判别敏感构件和关键构件的静力计算方法,比较实验和数值分析结果,表明了这一方法的简便性和合理性。
  • 摘要:自上世纪七十年代,工程中开始应用钢板作剪力墙,并很快被证明是高烈度区优秀的抗侧力构件。随后,出现了各种不同构造特点的钢板剪力墙,本文阐述了各类钢板剪力墙结构的研究历史和最新进展,总结了在性能和设计理论方面的主要研究成果,旨在为设计人员在工程中选择恰当的钢板墙类型和应用合理的设计方法提供指导。同时,指出了当前设计方法的不足之处,提出今后在钢板剪力墙结构的抗震设计中要解决的关键问题。
  • 摘要:本文论述了高强度和高性能钢材在国内外建筑结构领域中的研究和应用现状,分析了现行建筑钢结构设计理论和设计方法存在的问题,提出了需要进一步开展高强度和高性能钢结构基本性能研究、建立高强度和高性能钢材结构体系和设计理论的建议,为建设更加安全可靠、经济环保的复杂建筑钢结构提供科学依据.
  • 摘要:本文介绍了双重弯剪型抗侧力体系弹性稳定的一个解析解。对于同时承受水平力的弹塑性体系,本文将压弯杆弹塑性失稳的Jezek模型进行拓展,引入模拟框架的摇摆柱与之并联,考虑初始侧移,引入水平力,得到了对弯曲型支撑的刚度要求的近似解析解,从简单到复杂,逐个分析不同受力下对支撑柱的截面刚度要求。通过这个拓展的弹塑性双重抗侧力模型,本文为正确理解和掌握高层钢结构的稳定性设计方法提供了思路。
  • 摘要:本文就我国建筑结构用钢的研发和应用现状,及相关建筑结构用钢的标准制定进行分析总结。并且对比分析了国内外建筑结构用钢现状与发展趋势,尤其是针对建筑结构用抗震、耐火、耐蚀钢材品种开发和发展趋势进行分析总结。
  • 摘要:Mode-Gakuen Sprial Towers is suggesting the interwined rising engery of the students of Mode-Gakuen's three schools.For this concept to get beyond merely playing with shapes,its configuration needs to be coordinated by engineers in a planned manner.In the case of a highly difficult structural design for a building having an organic spiral shape,instead of relying on the capabilities of advanced computers to perform the analyses needed to apply astructural frame to that shape,thestructural design must be created on the basis of clear intention in order to create a rational,strong,yet delicate expression.
  • 摘要:本文对上海中心大厦的结构设计进行了介绍。首先介绍了项目概况,包括项目定位及功能、设计团队构成、建筑形态特征以及采用的基础形式。其次对结构体系构成和主要的结构分析结果进行介绍,主要内容包括本项目采用的巨型框架-伸臂-核心筒混合结构体系的各组成部分和主要的地震和风荷载分析结果。最后对项目结构设计的关键技术问题进行了介绍,包括巨柱受力性态分析、组合钢板剪力墙设计、基于性能的抗震设计、风工程研究、结构控制、弹塑性动力分析、非荷载效应分析以及抗连续倒塌分析等。
  • 摘要:从千禧世纪开始,建筑设计已不再局限于其使用功能,在外形上不但表露了建筑的独特风格,亦同时注入了不同的元素,活化了建筑。对结构而言,现代建筑倾向突显结构构件,使结构成为建筑的一部分。此论文介绍了结构工程师如何以现代的计算机软件技术及建筑体系与结构的创新思维,克服在建筑材料上的混凝土和刚才的强度问题,使结构与建筑并存。
  • 摘要:本文结合笔者完成的空间结构设计,提出了大柱网双向空间桁架、平面桁架与局部网架组合结构、交叉编织结构、双向菱形桁架结构、组合塔式结构等新的结构形式,对焊接薄壁箱形构件、异型截面构件的力学性能进行了研究,对焊接节点与铸钢节点等节点形式进行了探讨。
  • 摘要:在钢结构行业的现行作业体系中,钢结构制造和安装处于产业的下游,由于链接结构设计和详图设计的设计数据必须以纸质文档的方式传递才能被认可,钢结构制造方普遍面临的问题是必须根据结构设计图纸手工建立三维模型为后期的加工详图服务。由此引发的一系列问题包括:生产效率低、成本居高不下、更改困难等。鉴于此,提出了一种新的工作模式,即利用模型重用技术。在完成加工详图设计后,设计团队和承包商可以利用该制造模型进行四维建模,也可以会同其他建筑专业和模型进行冲突检查。利用该项新技术业主、建筑商、工程师和承包商组成跨职能的项目团队,就设计、制造和施工环节中的工作进行协调,提高钢结构产业的生产效率,减少重复劳动以节约社会资源具有重要意义。
  • 摘要:The New York Times Building, currently under construction in New York City,is a study of balance and compromise. The vision of The New York Times to create a build ing ahead of the times was balanced by the goals of real estate developer Forest City Ratnerto develop an economically efficient building to maximize their leasable space on the upper floors. The innovative European-style architectural design of architect Renzo Piano Building Workshop was blended with the understanding of local building code and practice by NewYork architect Fox/Fowle Architects. One of the principal architectural features of the building, the expression of exterior steel,involved the compromise of aesthetic appearance, structural adequacy, and fabrication and erection practicality. The duality of each aspect of the building design from the ownership and design team partnerships to the overall balance between innovation and efficiency provided numerous engineering design challen-ges. This paper will outline some of these challenges, focusing on those driven by aesthetic, erection, and fabrication considerations of the exterior steel.
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号