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高技术通讯（英文版）

高技术通讯（英文版）

High Technology Letters
本刊供我国高技术研究人员及时发表其研究成果和进行国内、国际学术交流的园地，旨在促进我国高技术研究的发展和扩大其在国内外的影响。内容涉及生物、计算机、电子与光电子技术、现代通讯、自动化、机器人能源、新材料、海洋及其它高技术领域，主要读者对象是科研院所研究人员、科技管理人员、大专院校师生及大中型企业科研人员。
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  • 被引量：82
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    国际刊号/ISSN：1006-6748
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  • 主管单位：中华人民共和国科学技术部
    主办单位：中国科学技术信息研究所（ISTIC）
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高技术通讯（英文版） >2021年第4期

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  • 摘要：The sex-related molecular marker of the Yangtze finless porpoise was screened using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique combined with the bulked segregant analysis. Totally 36 AFLP primer combinations were used to detect the genome DNA bulks of the female and male porpoises, and one sex-related AFLP marker was finally obtained. The marker can be applied to sex identification, and provides a base for further cloning of sex-related genes and analyzing of Y chromosome haplotypes of the Yangtze finless porpoise.
  • 摘要：A novel automatic ultrasonic system used for the inspection of pipeline girth welds is developed, in which a linear phased array transducer using electronic scan is adopted. Optimal array parameters are determined based on a mathematical model of acoustic field for linear phased array derived from Huygens' principle. The testing method and the system structure are introduced. The experimental results show that the phased array transducer system has the same detectability as that of conventional ultrasonic transducer system, but the system architecture can be simplified greatly, and the testing flexibility and the testing speed can be improved greatly.
  • 摘要：The structural design, analysis and experimental verification of a novel planar parallel robot that includes parallelogram linkages are reported in this paper. A design methodology combining finite element analysis (FEA) and flexible dynamics is employed in the analysis. The appropriate natural frequencies of robot throughout workspace are predicted, and the effects of payload, flexibility of joints, cross section and orientations of robot on the natural frequency are analyzed by simulation. Extensive structural vibration experiments with the completed manipulator confirm the predicted structural vibration characteristics throughout the workspace. The experiment also proves the robot's performance under a fuzzy self-tuning PI controller.
  • 摘要：Based on the linearized model of the TCP connections through the congested routers, this paper puts forward an active queue management algorithm (FVS-T). The algorithm utilizes the fuzzy variable structure control algorithm with delay factor to compensate time varying round-trip times (RTT) and uncertainties with respect to the number of active TCP sessions. By analyzing the robustness and performance of the control scheme for the nonlinear TCP/AQM model, we show that the proposed design has good performance and robustness, which are central to the notion of AQM. Implementation issues were discussed and ns simulations were provided to validate the design and compare its performance to other peer schemes in different scenarios. The results show that the proposed design significantly outperforms the other congestion schemes in terms of packet loss ratio, throughput and buffer fluctuation.
  • 摘要：The wide distribution and color variation of grouper make it difficult not only to identify grouper species visually, but also to determine genetic structure of their populations, the latter being important implication for the design of adequate management program. One alternative for gathering information on these species is the use of molecular genetic markers. Here, we identified and characterized eight microsatellite markers from yellow grouper Epinephelus awoara and bluelined hind grouper Cephalopholis formosa. All these produced consistent polymerase chain reaction product, and seven loci were found to be highly variable. These loci were all composed of dinucleotide repeats, with the number of alleles ranging from 2 to 6, with heterozygosities ranging from 33% to 95% in E.awoara and from 25% to 100% in C.formosa. The high levels of variability observed should make these markers useful for population genetic studies of this two species, and potentially other Epinephelus and Cephalopholis. Such analysis will offer insights to fine-tune conservation and fishery management in the future.
  • 摘要：This paper investigates the traffic properties before and after assembly at edge node of Ethernet over optical burst switching (OBS) network for the first time. Burst and inter-arrival time distributions are simulated under time-based and length-based assembly schemes. Self-similar traffic Hurst parameter is compared through R/S and V/T plot. Finally three self-similar traffic generating methods are given. Simulation results demonstrate that, multi-source traffic increases self-similar degree, however after assembly, time-based scheme can decrease self-similar degree, and aggregated burst size is close to Gaussian distribution. Length-based method has no effects on the self-similarity of input traffic. RMD is fit for study of burst network with large self-similarity.
  • 摘要：Electronic check systems, as one of electronic payment systems, are more desirable than other electronic cash systems. In the system, only a single check is used to pay any price that is not more than the face value. The main problem in check systems is to design an efficient refund mechanism that makes refund checks undistinguished from initial checks during payment and deposit. The problem of anonymity control also called fairness is also an important issue in check systems. All check systems yet are unconditional anonymity that opens the door to misuse for crime such as laundering and blackmailing. In this paper, the notion of anonymity revocation is introduced to electronic check system for the first time, and a model of fair electronic check system is proposed. An efficient fair online electronic check system with reusable refund is presented. In the system, a passive trustee is employed to revoke the anonymity of un-honest users. Moreover, the system solves the reusability problem of refunds thanks to the RSA-based partially signature. The system is efficient and meets all basic security requirements.
  • 摘要：Natural language parsing is a task of great importance and extreme difficulty. In this paper, we present a full Chinese parsing system based on a two-stage approach. Rather than identifying all phrases by a uniform model, we utilize a divide and conquer strategy. We propose an effective and fast method based on Markov model to identify the base phrases. Then we make the first attempt to extend one of the best English parsing models i.e. the head-driven model to recognize Chinese complex phrases. Our two-stage approach is superior to the uniform approach in two aspects. First, it creates synergy between the Markov model and the head-driven model. Second, it reduces the complexity of full Chinese parsing and makes the parsing system space and time efficient. We evaluate our approach in PARSEVAL measures on the open test set, the parsing system performances at 87.53% precision, 87.95% recall.
  • 摘要：This paper considers the problem of noise cancellation for the magnetic flux leakage (MFL) data obtained from the inspection of oil pipelines. MFL data is contaminated by various sources of noise, and the noise can considerably reduce the detectability of flaw signals in MFL data. This paper presents a new de-noising approach for removing the system noise contained in the MFL data by using the coefficients de-noising with wavelet transform. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the advantages of this de-noising approach over the conventional wavelet de-noising method.
  • 摘要：A double low homozygous two-type sterile line ZY-2AB, its near-isogenic temporary maintainer line ZY-4, and the full sterile line ZY-3 derived from the cross of ZY-2A with ZY-4, were developed to breed three-line dominant GMS hybrid in Brassica napus. Three years data showed that the ratios of sterile and fertile plants fit the expected 1:1 ratio in ZY-2AB, and the 1:0 ratio in ZY-3, respectively. Some double low super hybrid combinations were screened out when the full sterile line ZY-3 was used as female parent, among which the combination 01Z24 increased 36.88 percent more yield than control and the combination 98Z131 has been passed through the Sichuan Provincial Regional Test and registered in Sichuan Province. Two years data showed that the agronomic performance of the two-line hybrids derived from crosses of ZY-2A with restorer lines versus that of the three-line hybrids produced by ZY-3 was not different for any of the nine most important agronomic characteristics, revealing that near-isogenic line of homozygous two-type line was used as temporary maintainer could effectively avoid the disadvantage of three-way cross hybrid in breeding three-line dominant GMS hybrid.
  • 摘要：An adaptive load torque observer is presented to compensate the torque ripple in PMSM servo system. A simple adaptive scheme is derived using Popov's hyperstability theory. The torque ripple detected by the observer is compensated by a feed forwarding equivalent current which gives fast response. The noisy current information is exempt from the observer to avoid its deterioration to the quality of the observer. The speed measurement delay is considered by using observed speed since the instantaneous velocity can't be estimated precisely at low speed because of too few position pulses from the absolute encoder during one time interval. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the dynamic performance of PMSM servo system satisfyingly.
  • 摘要：A new decentralized closed-loop identification and predictive controller design method for a kind of cascade processes composed of several sub-processes is studied. This kind of cascade processes has the characteristics of one-way connection. The process is divided into several two-input-two-output (TITO) sub-systems. The parameters of the first-order plus dead-time models for the transfer function matrices can be obtained using least squares method. Hence a distributed model predictive controller is designed based on the coupling models of each sub-process. Simulation results on the temperature control of a reheating furnace are given to show the efficiency of the algorithm.
  • 摘要：The complete [NiFe]-hydrogenase genes were cloned from cyanobacterium, Arthrospira platensis FACHB341, using PCR and in-vitro cloning. The total length is 2078bp, including hoxY 549bp, hoxH 1431bp and the spacer in between 98bp. There is a stem-loop structure, downstream of the hoxY gene, serving as a transcription terminator. The deduced amino acid sequences of HoxY and HoxH consist of acidic amino acid of 15.8% and 12.0%; alkalitropic amino acid of 11.9% and 15.3%; hydrophobic amino acid of 46.3% and 41.0%, respectively. The similarities of hoxY and hoxH genes in Arthrospira platensis FACHB341 to their homologues in other cyanobacteria were compared respectively. The secondary structures and 3D models of small and large subunits of [NiFe]-hydrogenase were predicted by using 3D-PSSM.
  • 摘要：AIM: To study the effect of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn on the proliferation and hematonic mechanism of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn. Methods: The techniques of culture of hematopoietic cell and hematopoietic growth factor (HGF) assay were used. The method of semi-solid culture with methylcellulose of CFU-GM, CFU-E, BFU-E,CFU-Meg was adopted in bone marrow depressed mice which treated with Spatholobus suberectus Dunn for a long time. Results: Spatholobus suberectus Dunn could obviously promote the proliferation of bone marrow cells and spleen lymphocytes in healthy and anaemic mice. The culture medium of spleen cell, macrophage, lung and skeletal muscle treated with Spatholobus suberectus Dunn had much stronger stimulating effects on hematopoietic cells. The numbers of CFU-GM, CFU-E,BFU-E,CFU-Meg in bone marrow depressed mice were raised distinctly under the control of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn as compared with those of contrast group. Conclusions: Spatholobus suberectus Dunn may enhance hematopoiesis by stimulating directly and/or indirectly stroma cell in hematopoietic inductive microenvironment and muscle tissue to secrete some HGF (Epo, GM-CSF, IL, and MK-CSF). It can promote the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells in anaemic mice. This is one of the biological mechanisms for hematonic effect of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn.
  • 摘要：The signal to noise vatio (SNR) of conventional sigma delta analog to digital converter (ΣΔADC) reduces with input signal strength. The existing concept of adaptive quantization is applied to the design of ΣΔADC to improve SNR with high dynamic range. An adaptive algorithm and its circuit implementation is proposed. Because of the error due to the circuit implementation,an error self-calibration circuit is also designed. Simulation results indicate that SNR can be nearly independent of the signal strength.
  • 摘要：Two new 2-substituted thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acids (TCAs), 2-glusosaminal-TCA (GlcNH2Cys) and 2-N-acetyl-glucosaminal-TCA (GlcNAcCys), were synthesized. Their protective effects against liver toxicity induced by acetaminophen (APAP) were investigated in a mice model. The results demonstrate that administration of TCAs (i.p., 800 mg/kg) 30 min after APAP challenge efficiently decrease ALT, AST, and LDH levels in liver. GlcNAcCys shows the best protective effects, decreasing ALT, AST and LDH levels to 63%, 18.4% and 37% of the APAP group respectively. Comparison with the control showed that APAP greatly decreases total sulfhydryl (T-SH) levels (43%), non-protein bound sulfhydryl (NP-SH) levels (50%) and total antioxidative capabilities (57%) in the liver 24 hr after challenge. TCAs treatments 30 min after APAP challenge significantly elevate sulfhydryl levels and total antioxidative capabilities. APAP administration also markedly (P<0.05) increases liver lipid peroxidation to 1.65 and 1.17 times that of the control 4 hr and 24 hr after APAP administration respectively. TCAs treatments can inhibit lipid peroxidation as measured by decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in liver. The histopathological results also further confirm the hepatoprotective effects of TCAs. In conclusion, our data show that TCAs, GlcNAcCys particularly, have hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects.
  • 摘要：Based on W-disjoint orthogonality of speech mixtures, a space discriminative function was proposed to enumerate and localize competing speakers in the surrounding environments. Then, a Wiener-like post-filterer was developed to adaptively suppress interferences. Experimental results with a hands-free speech recognizer under various SNR and competing speakers settings show that nearly 69% error reduction can be obtained with a two-channel small aperture microphone array against the conventional single microphone baseline system. Comparisons were made against traditional delay-and-sum and Griffiths-Jim adaptive beamforming techniques to further assess the effectiveness of this method.
  • 摘要：Operators suffer much difficulty in manipulating micro-size objects without the assistance of friendly interfaces due to the scaling effects in micro world. The paper presented a general framework for micromanipulation robot based on virtual reality technology. With the framework we brought forward a FDH (Fixed Direction Hulls) based bounding box method to handle the collision detection of the peg-in-hole microassembly. The collision response model for the collision between micro needle and hole was presented. The virtual force and corresponding displacement were calculated with the model of bending deformation and pressing deformation. Experiments verify the validity of collision response model.
  • 摘要：This paper presents a comparison study of workspace and dexterity of two Tricept units for Reconfigurable Parallel Kinematic Machines (RPKMs). The modular leg of RPKMs is designed and the RPKMs can be built by changing the setting of modules. A compositive kinematic model is developed accordingly. The inverse kinematics and Jacobian of these two Tricept units are analyzed. Considering workspace volume and dexterity, the effects of geometric size of some modules on the two Tricept units are discussed. In the end, comparison results of these two Tricept units are given. The comparison of two kinds of Parallel Kinematic Machines (PKMs) can be of help in the design and configuration planning of the RPKMs.
  • 摘要：A real-time wavelet multi-resolution analysis (MRA)-based fault detection algorithm is proposed. The first stage detailed MRA signals extracted from the original signals were used as the criteria for fault detection. By measuring sharp variations in the detailed MRA signals, faults in the motor driving system of pipeline detection robot arm could be detected. The fault type was then identified by comparison of the three-phase MRA sharp variations. The effects of the faults were examined. The simulation results show that this algorithm is effective and robust, it is promising for fault detection in a robot's joint driving system. The method is simple, rapid and it can operate in real time.
  • 摘要：This paper presents DDGrid, a novel Grid computing system for drug discovery and design. By utilizing the idle resources donated by the clusters that scatter over the Internet, DDGrid can implement efficient data-intensive biologic applications. The high-level resource management framework with a Grid-P2P hybrid architecture is described. With P2P technologies, some problems which are inevitable in the master-slave model can be avoided, such as single point of failure or performance bottleneck. Then an agent-based resource scheduling algorithm is presented. With this scheduling algorithm, the idle computational resources are dynamically scheduled according to the real-time working load on each execution node. Thus DDGrid can hold an excellent load balance state. Furthermore, the framework is introduced into the practical protein molecules docking applications. Solid experimental results show the load balance and robustness of the proposed system, which can greatly speed up the process of protein molecules docking.
  • 摘要：Hidden Markov Model(HMM) is a main solution to ambiguities in Chinese segmentation and POS (part-of-speech) tagging. While most previous works for HMM-based Chinese segmentation and POS tagging consult POS information in contexts, they do not utilize lexical information which is crucial for resolving certain morphological ambiguity. This paper proposes a method which incorporates lexical information and wider context information into HMM. Model induction and related smoothing technique are presented in detail. Experiments indicate that this technique improves the segmentation and tagging accuracy by nearly 1%.
  • 摘要：A class of plateaued functions has been got by using the Maiorana-McFarland construction. A variety of desirable criteria for functions with cryptographic application could be satisfied: balancedness, high nonlinearity, correlation immunity of reasonably high order, strict avalanche criterion, non-existence of non-zero linear structures, good global avalanche characteristics, etc.
  • 摘要：Parallel manipulator systems as promising precision devices are used widely in current researches. A novel large workspace flexure parallel manipulator system utilizing wide-range flexure hinges as passive joints is proposed in this paper, which can attain sub-micron-scale precision over the cubic centimeter motion range. This paper introduces the mechanical system architecture based on the wide-range flexure hinges, analyzes the kinematics via stiffness matrices, presents the control system configuration and control strategy, and finally gives the system performance test results.
  • 摘要：As a combination of bio-mechanism and engineering technology, robot fish has become a multidisciplinary research that mainly involves both hydrodynamics-based control and actuation technology. This paper presents a simplified propulsive model for carangiform propulsion, which is a swimming mode suitable for high speed and high efficiency. The carangiform motion is modeled as an N-joint oscillating mechanism that is composed of two basic components: the streamlined fish body represented by a planar spline curve and its lunate caudal tail by an oscillating foil. The speed of fish's straight swimming is adjusted by modulating the joint's oscillating frequency, and its orientation is tuned by different joint's deflection. The results from actual experiment showed that the proposed simplified propulsive model could be a viable candidate for application in aquatic swimming vehicles.
  • 摘要：This paper presents a team-oriented programming method specially designed for multiple mobile robots. The team, which is a typical constitution structure in multi-robot system, forms after the user selects suitable robots, assigns their roles and sets related parameters. Team behavior module are introduced for the team-level behavior description and the temporal chain of these modules, realized by finite state automata, partitions the team tasks into discrete operating states and triggers. A graphical programming tool is designed for the team task description with visual diagrams. The real robots experiment of adaptive formation shows the system's usability and effectivity.
  • 摘要：Depolymerization of agar was performed using agarase, which was extracted from the cell-free medium of a culture of marine bacterial Alteromonas sp. nov. SY 37-12. After ethanol fractionation and lyophilization, the water-soluble agar polysaccharide (WSAP3) was collected. The anti-tumor activity of the product was determined by using Sarcoma 180 tumor in mouse. The tumor inhibition rate of WSAP3 reached 48.7% at a dose of 64mg kg-1 after 15 days treatment. WSAP3 enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, which suggests that WSAP3 was effective in promoting the antioxidation ability and eliminating danger from free radicals. The result of flow cytometry showed that the WSAP3 had no activities of cell cycle inhibition or apoptosis-inducing activities. The anti-oxidation of WSAP3 was further confirmed by test in vitro, which might play an important role in anti-tumor activity. The immunological regulation of WSAP3, especially its effect on the phagocytosis ratio and phagocytosis index of macrophage was also assayed in test in vivo.
  • 摘要：The effects of ammonium on the population growth of the marine ciliate, Euplotes vannus, were examined using ecotoxicological method. It is showed that ammonium exerts inhibitory effects on the growth of the ciliate populations in a concentration-dependent way. Statistical analysis reveals that the population growth dynamics exposed to ammonium-N concentration over 100mg/L are significantly different from that in the control at P<0.05 level. Linear regression determined that the 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h and 84h IC50 values of ammonium-N are 19.68, 201.51, 167.49, 47.86, 50.43 and 43.11 concentration over 100mg/L, respectively (P<0.05; pH 8.2; salinity 28 ppt; temperature, 25℃). The results indicate that the tolerance to ammonium in E. vannus is considerably higher than that of the larvae or juveniles of some metozoa, such as cultured prawns and oysters. Therefore, it is believed that the high tolerance to ammonium is necessary for ciliated protozoa to play positive roles in maintaining and improving water quality in marine ecosystems, especially in the intensive aquaculture waters with high-level ammonium. In addition, the correlation between IC50 values and exposure time was discussed.
  • 摘要：A segmentation model that combines the Mumford-Shah (M-S) model and narrow band scheme of level set is presented. The M-S model is a desirable model for image segmentation, but computationally time-consuming. This paper introduces a fast segmentation model, which combines the M-S model and narrow band scheme using new initialization method. The new initialization method is based on fast marching method, and the computing time is O(n). In each iteration step, the new segmentation model only deals with the data in narrow band instead of the whole image. Comparing M-S model and new narrow band M-S, experiments show that the two models can obtain almost the same segmentation result, but the computing time of new narrow band M-S model is much less than M-S model.
  • 摘要：Programmable router may execute computing tasks except for forwarding IP packets. How to schedule the CPU in the programmable router is an important issue that needs to be solved. In this paper, the authors establish general software architecture of programmable router firstly. Based on this architecture, authors present a novel CPU scheduling algorithm based on queue length thresholds. We model this algorithm using stochastic Petri nets. The analytic results show that this scheduling algorithm can guarantee the requirements of computing of best-effort flows and QoS flows in programmable router at the same time.

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