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When Agriculture Fails

机译：当农业失败

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Agriculture is one of the world's great success stories. The domestication and farming of plants and animals for human consumption is a remarkable story. Our ability to grow food and fiber to feed, clothe, and shelter almost 6.7 billion people is nothing short of remarkable. It has come about over many hundreds, even thousands, of years, but much progress has occurred in rhe last 100 years-even the last 50 years. Don and Phil Paarlberg (2) state in their book Ihe Agricultural Revolution of the 20th Century, "If a farmer from the Old Testament times could have visited an American farm in the year 1900, he would have recognized-and had the skill to use-most of the tools he saw: the hoe, the plow, the harrow, the rake. If he were to visit an American farm today, he might think he was on a different planet." American agriculture, and in deed much of the developed world's agriculture, is a success story second to none. Perhaps a graphic that emphasizes this best is the increase in corn production in theUnited States over the last 140 years. For almost 70 years (1870-1950), the average number of bushels/acre remained fairly constant, around 25-30 bu/ac; and then in the 1950s, the average began to increase dramatically, reaching 153 bu/ac in 2000. Similar radical increases can be documented for many other crops and agricultural products. For example, the average amount of milk produced per cow in the United States increased from 5,314 lb/year in 1950 to 18,201 lb/year in 2000. Such increases are attributed to the many advances in agricultural research and production, each adding to the overall production efficiencies. And while the United States and other developed countries of the world have benefited, agriculture in other less-developed countries continues to struggle. Starvation and malnutrition is still rampant throughout much of the world.
机译：农业是世界上成功的典范之一。供人类食用的动植物的驯化和耕种是一个了不起的故事。我们拥有近67亿人口的食物和纤维种植，饲料，衣服和庇护所的能力无与伦比。它已经经历了数百年，甚至数千年，但是在过去的100年甚至最近的50年中已经取得了很大的进步。唐（Don）和菲尔·帕尔伯格（Phil Paarlberg）（2）在他们的《 20世纪农业革命》一书中指出：“如果旧约时代的农民本来可以在1900年造访美国的农场，他将认识到并拥有使用的技巧-他看到的大多数工具：the头，犁，耙，耙。如果他今天去美国一家农场参观，他可能会以为自己在另外一个星球上。”美国的农业，以及实际上许多发达国家的农业，都是无与伦比的成功故事。最好的图形也许是过去140年美国玉米产量的增长。在将近70年（1870-1950年）中，蒲式耳/英亩的平均数量保持相当稳定，约为25-30 bu / ac。然后在1950年代，平均水平开始急剧增加，到2000年达到153 bu / ac。许多其他农作物和农产品也有类似的急剧增加。例如，在美国，每头牛的平均产奶量从1950年的5314磅/年增加到2000年的18201磅/年。这种增长归因于农业研究和生产的许多进步，每一项都增加了整体生产效率。尽管美国和世界其他发达国家都从中受益，但其他欠发达国家的农业仍在挣扎。饥饿和营养不良在世界许多地方仍然猖ramp。

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