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PharmGKB summary: Caffeine pathway

机译：PharmGKB摘要：咖啡因途径

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摘要

Caffeine is a naturally occurring stimulant found in coffee, tea, chocolate, and used as an additive in other beverages and adjuvant analgesic in some pain medications [1,2]. It has long been known that genetic variation influences caffeine responses, indeed caffeine has been used as a probe drug for phenotyping CYP1A2 activity [3]. This brief summary highlights the candidate genes involved in the caffeine metabolism pathway and discusses the pharmaco-genomic (PGx) variants, both pharmacokinetic and phar-macodynamic, their interaction with caffeine and its impact on disease risk. Caffeine is the most widely used drug in the world [4]. Since its use is so widespread it can be hard to assess the effect of the drug in isolation, and often PGx associations have been studied on the basis of intake of coffee or caffeinated beverages. These are also discussed here. Caffeine acts through multiple mechanisms, the most important of which is the antagonism of adenosine receptors (AD0RA1 and AD0RA2A) [2]. Recent studies have suggested a role for caffeine in neuroprotection and as a potential treatment for Parkinson disease (PD) [5]. For caffeine to be applied as a therapeutic agent in genomic medicine, it is important to examine the evidence and limitations of the current knowledge of caffeine PGx.
机译：咖啡因是在咖啡，茶，巧克力中发现的一种天然兴奋剂，在其他饮料和某些止痛药的辅助镇痛剂中用作添加剂[1,2]。早就知道遗传变异会影响咖啡因的反应，实际上咖啡因已被用作表型CYP1A2活性的探针药物[3]。本简短摘要重点介绍了咖啡因代谢途径中涉及的候选基因，并讨论了药代基因组（PGx）变体，包括药代动力学和药理动力学，它们与咖啡因的相互作用及其对疾病风险的影响。咖啡因是世界上使用最广泛的药物[4]。由于其用途如此广泛，因此很难单独评估药物的作用，并且经常根据咖啡或含咖啡因饮料的摄入量来研究PGx的相关性。这些也在这里讨论。咖啡因通过多种机制起作用，其中最重要的是腺苷受体（AD0RA1和AD0RA2A）的拮抗作用[2]。最近的研究表明咖啡因在神经保护中的作用以及作为帕金森病（PD）的潜在治疗方法[5]。对于将咖啡因用作基因组医学中的治疗剂，重要的是检查咖啡因PGx的当前知识的证据和局限性。

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