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首页> 外文期刊>Phytoprotection >Response of the Pacific Coast wireworm, Limonius canus, and the dusky wireworm, Agriotes obscurus (Coleoptera: Elateridae), to insecticide-treated wheat seeds in a soil bioassay
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Response of the Pacific Coast wireworm, Limonius canus, and the dusky wireworm, Agriotes obscurus (Coleoptera: Elateridae), to insecticide-treated wheat seeds in a soil bioassay

机译：在土壤生物测定中，太平洋沿岸线虫，柠檬单胞菌属和灰暗线虫，暗线虫（鞘翅目：Elateridae）对经过杀虫剂处理的小麦种子的反应

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Larvae of the dusky wireworm, Agriotes obscurus, and the Pacific Coast wireworm, Limonius canus, were exposed to germinated, insecticide-treated wheat seeds in a soil-filled bioassay in 2005 and 2006. Position in the bioassay and contact and/or repellence behaviour towards the seeds were recorded every 5 min for 3 or 5 h. Wireworm health was recorded for 70 or 126 d after exposure. Seeds were treated with the fungicides Dividend XLRTA (difenoconazole, mefenoxam) or Raxil MD (tebuconazole, metalaxyl), and/or the insecticides Vitavax Dual (lindane), Poncho 600F (clothianidin), Cruiser 350FS (thiamethoxam), Admire 240FS (irnidacloprid), Gaucho 480FL (imidacloprid), Tefluthrin 20CS (tefluthrin), or Tefluthrin-Cruiser combinations. Most wireworms (> 80%) came into contact with the seeds in all treatments. Wireworms generally remained in contact throughout the observation period in the control treatments (Dividend, Raxil, untreated seeds). Unless moribund, wireworms were repelled after brief (< 20 min)contact in all Tefluthrin treatments. Most wireworms recovered from contact-induced morbidity within 21 d and did not relapse, except L. canus exposed to Cruiser and some A. obscurus exposed to Gaucho and Admire. Wireworm mortality was low (< 50%) in all treatments except L. canus exposed to Cruiser at 15 and 30 g a.i. 100 kg(-1) seed (60 and 75%, respectively). Mortality was significantly less important when L. canus larvae were exposed to Tefluthrin-Cruiser combinations than when exposed to Cruiser alone. We suggest that efficacy assessments of insecticides for wireworm control require direct observation of their behaviour and long-term post-exposure health assessments, and discuss the impact of repellence and/or morbidity elicited by insecticides on wireworm control in the field.
机译：在2005年和2006年的土壤充填生物测定法中，将灰暗的线虫Agriotes obscurus的幼虫和太平洋沿岸线虫Limonius canus暴露于经过杀虫剂处理的发芽小麦种子中。在生物测定中的位置以及接触和/或排斥行为每5分钟记录3到5 h朝向种子的方向。接触后70或126 d记录蚕的健康状况。种子用杀菌剂Dividend XLRTA（二苯甲康唑，甲芬沙酰胺）或Raxil MD（戊唑醇，甲霜灵）和/或杀虫剂Vitavax Dual（林丹），Poncho 600F（可比尼丁），Cruiser 350FS（噻虫草胺），Admirre 240FS（irnidacloprid）处理。 ，Gaucho 480FL（吡虫啉），Tefluthrin 20CS（tefluthrin）或Tefluthrin-Cruiser组合。在所有处理中，大多数线虫（> 80％）都与种子接触。在对照处理中，整个观察期中，线虫通常保持接触（Dividend，Raxil，未处理的种子）。除非垂死，否则在所有Tefluthrin治疗中短暂（<20分钟）接触后，即可驱除线虫。除了接触巡洋舰的犬乳杆菌和暴露于高乔和佩服的暗淡曲霉外，大多数线虫均在21天之内从接触诱发的发病中恢复过来，并且没有复发。除15和30 g a.i.暴露于Cruiser的犬乳杆菌外，所有处理中的线虫死亡率均很低（<50％）。 100 kg（-1）种子（分别为60％和75％）。与单独暴露于Cruiser相比，当犬莫氏幼虫暴露于Tefluthrin-Cruiser组合时，死亡率的重要性显着降低。我们建议对杀虫剂进行线虫防治的功效评估需要直接观察其行为和长期的暴露后健康评估，并讨论杀虫剂引起的拒斥性和/或发病率对野外线虫防治的影响。

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