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Interaction of aluminium and drought stress on root growth and crop yield on acid soils

机译：铝和干旱胁迫对酸性土壤根系生长和作物产量的相互作用

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Aluminium (Al) toxicity and drought stress are two major constraints for crop production in the world, particularly in the tropics. The variation in rainfall distribution and longer dry spells in much of the tropics during the main growing period of crops are becoming increasingly important yield-limiting factors with the global climate change. As a result, crop genotypes that are tolerant of both drought and Al toxicity need to be developed. The present review mainly focuses on the interaction of Al and drought on root development, crop growth and yield on acid soils. It summarizes evidence from our own studies and other published/related work, and provides novel insights into the breeding for the adaptation to these combined abiotic stresses. The primary symptom of Al phytotoxicity is the inhibition of root growth. The impeded root system will restrict the roots for exploring the acid subsoil to absorb water and nutrients which is particularly important under condition of low soil moisture in the surface soil under drought. Whereas drought primarily affects shoot growth, effects of phytotoxic Al on shoot growth are mostly secondary effects that are induced by Al affecting root growth and function, while under drought stress root growth may even be promoted. Much progress has recently been made in the understanding of the physiology and molecular biology of the interaction between Al toxicity and drought stress in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in hydroponics and in an Al-toxic soil. Crops growing on acid soils yield less than their potential because of the poorly developed root system that limits nutrient and water uptake. Breeding for drought resistance must be combined with Al resistance, to assure that drought resistance is expressed adequately in crops grown on soils with acid Al-toxic subsoils.
机译：铝（Al）毒性和干旱胁迫是世界上，特别是在热带地区，作物生产的两个主要限制因素。在主要农作物生长期间，热带大部分地区的降雨分布变化和较长的干旱期，正随着全球气候变化而变得越来越重要，成为限制产量的因素。结果，需要开发既耐干旱又耐铝毒的作物基因型。本综述主要集中在铝和干旱对根系发育，作物生长和酸性土壤产量的相互作用上。它总结了我们自己的研究和其他已发表/相关工作的证据，并提供了有关适应这些非生物胁迫综合适应性育种的新颖见解。 Al植物毒性的主要症状是抑制根的生长。受阻的根系会限制探索酸性地下土壤吸收水分和养分的根，这在干旱条件下表层土壤土壤水分低的条件下尤其重要。干旱主要影响枝条的生长，而植物毒性铝对枝条的生长的影响主要是次生效应，是铝对根系生长和功能的影响所致，而干旱条件下甚至可以促进根系生长。最近，在对水培法和铝毒性土壤中普通豆（菜豆）中铝毒性与干旱胁迫之间相互作用的生理学和分子生物学的理解方面取得了很大进展。由于根系发育不良，限制了养分和水分的吸收，因此在酸性土壤上生长的农作物的产量低于其潜力。必须将抗旱育种与抗铝育种相结合，以确保在含有酸性铝毒土壤的土壤中生长的农作物中能充分表达抗旱性。

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