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Carbon (13C) uptake and allocation in pasture plants following field pulse-labelling

机译：田间脉冲标记后牧草植物碳（13C）的吸收和分配

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The allocation of carbon (C) to plant roots and conversion to soil organic matter is a major determinant of the size of the terrestrial C pool in pastoral ecosystems. The aim was to quantify C allocation to roots in contrasting pastoral ecosystems.Pastures on long-term research sites in Canterbury, New Zealand were pulse-labelled using 13CO2 within portable gas-tight enclosures. Sites included Winchmore (with or without superphosphate fertilizer, and with or without irrigation) and Tara Hills (low, medium or high grazing intensity with continuous or alternating grazing). Separate micro-plots were labelled in late spring, summer and autumn at Winchmore and in spring at Tara Hills. Herbage label 13C recoveries were greatest one hour after pulse labelling and declined by 21 days, whereas in roots they were initially lower but generally continued to increase until 21 days. The greatest recoveries of 13C in roots, one hour and 21 days after labelling, were in summer and autumn respectively. The proportion of label 13C allocated to roots by 21 days was 0.50 in the absence of superphosphate and 0.41 in the superphosphate treatment, and was 0.39, 0.43 and 0.51 respectively in spring, summer and autumn. Irrigation had no significant effect on root allocation. The low stocking rate at Tara Hills, which had the greatest herbage biomass, also had greater total 13C, tussock herbage 13C and root 13C recoveries than the higher stocking rate treatments. Inter-tussock root recovery and allocation of 13C to roots increased with increasing stocking rate, whereas tussock root allocation was greatest in the high and least in the medium stocking rate treatment. By 21 days there was a greater inter-tussock and tussock root recovery and lower inter-tussock herbage recovery in the continuous than in the alternating grazing management treatment. The root allocation was generally greater in the continuous than in alternating grazed treatments, except for tussocks one hour after labelling where the reverse was the case. In conclusion the 13C pulse labelling showed pasture plants allocate more C to roots with low soil fertility, high grazing intensity, continuous grazing, and in autumn.
机译：碳（C）向植物根部的分配以及向土壤有机质的转化是牧草生态系统中陆地碳库规模的主要决定因素。目的是量化相对于牧草生态系统中根系的碳分配量。在新西兰坎特伯雷的长期研究地点，在便携式气密性密闭环境中使用13CO2对植物的脉搏进行了标记。地点包括Winchmore（有或没有过磷酸钙肥料，有或没有灌溉）和Tara Hills（低，中或高放牧强度，连续或交替放牧）。在春季，夏季和秋季在Winchmore和春季在Tara Hills分别标记了微样。草本标记13C的回收率在脉冲标记后1小时达到最大，并在21天后下降，而在根部，它们最初较低，但通常持续增加直到21天。标记后1小时和21天，根中13 C的最大回收率分别在夏季和秋季。在没有过磷酸盐的情况下，在第21天分配给根的标记13C的比例为0.50，在过磷酸盐处理中为0.41，在春季，夏季和秋季分别为0.39、0.43和0.51。灌溉对根系分配没有显着影响。塔拉山（Tara Hills）的草料生物量最大的低放牧率，与较高的放牧率处理相比，总13C，草13C和根13C的回收率也更高。 stock间根的恢复和根系中13C的分配随放养率的增加而增加，而whereas的根分配在高放养率处理中最大而最少。与连续放牧管理处理相比，连续21天的连续性，丛生和丛生根恢复更高，丛生间草恢复率更低。连续分配的根系分配通常比交替放牧处理的根系分配更大，除了贴标后一小时的，情况相反。总之，13 C脉冲标记显示草场植物向土壤肥力低，放牧强度高，连续放牧和秋季的根部分配更多的碳。

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