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Role of keratinocyte-derived factors involved in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of mammalian epidermal melanocytes

机译:角质形成细胞衍生因子参与调节哺乳动物表皮黑素细胞增殖和分化的作用

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摘要

Melanocytes characterized by the activities of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2 as well as by melanosomes and dendrites are located mainly in the epidermis, dermis and hair bulb of the mammalian skin. Melanocytes differentiate from melanoblasts, undifferentiated precursors, derived from embryonic neural crest cells. Because hair bulb melanocytes are derived from epidermal melanoblasts and melanocytes, the mechanism of the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal melanocytes should be clarified. The regulation by the tissue environment, especially by keratinocytes is indispensable in addition to the regulation by genetic factors in melanocytes. Recent advances in the techniques of tissue culture and biochemistry have enabled us to clarify factors derived from keratinocytes. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, basic fibroblast growth factor, nerve growth factor, endothelins, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, steel factor, leukemia inhibitory factor and hepatocyte growth factor have been suggested to be the keratinocyte-derived factors and to regulate the proliferation and/or differentiation of mammalian epidermal melanocytes. Numerous factors may be produced in and released from keratinocytes and be involved in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of mammalian epidermal melanocytes through receptor-mediated signaling pathways.
机译:以酪氨酸酶,酪氨酸酶相关蛋白(TRP)-1和TRP-2的活性以及黑素体和树突为特征的黑素细胞主要位于哺乳动物皮肤的表皮,真皮和毛球中。黑素细胞与源自胚胎神经c细胞的黑素母细胞(未分化的前体)分化。由于毛发黑素细胞源自表皮黑素细胞和黑素细胞,因此应阐明调节表皮黑素细胞增殖和分化的机制。除了受黑素细胞中遗传因素的调节外,组织环境尤其是角质形成细胞的调节也是必不可少的。组织培养和生物化学技术的最新进展使我们能够阐明源自角质形成细胞的因素。已建议α-黑素细胞刺激激素,肾上腺皮质营养激素,碱性成纤维细胞生长因子,神经生长因子,内皮素,粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子,钢因子,白血病抑制因子和肝细胞生长因子是角化细胞衍生因子和来调节哺乳动物表皮黑素细胞的增殖和/或分化。可以在角质形成细胞中产生和释放多种因子,并通过受体介导的信号通路参与调节哺乳动物表皮黑素细胞的增殖和分化。

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