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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >STEM DEFORMITY IN PINUS RADIATA PLANTATIONS IN SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA .2. EFFECTS OF AVAILABILITY OF SOIL NITROGEN AND RESPONSE TO FERTILISER AND LIME
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STEM DEFORMITY IN PINUS RADIATA PLANTATIONS IN SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA .2. EFFECTS OF AVAILABILITY OF SOIL NITROGEN AND RESPONSE TO FERTILISER AND LIME

机译：东南澳大利亚辐射松人工林的茎变形2。土壤氮素有效性及其对肥料和石灰的响应

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摘要

Plantations of radiata pine (P. radiata D.Don) on soils previously under legume based pastures have a high incidence of stem deformity compared with forest soils. A comparison of soil properties and tree nutrition of 5 to 7 year-old radiata pine on former pastures in the first part of the study showed that stem deformity was strongly correlated with mineralisation of soil N and in particular with nitrification. Other soil properties that have changed as a result of pasture improvement, e.g. pH, available P and Mn, were only partially correlated with stem deformity. In the second part of the study, the role of N availability and other soil properties in the expression of deformity was further investigated in a separate field experiment on soils formerly under native eucalypt forest, tobacco cropping, and improved pasture. Young radiata pine plantings were treated with lime, phosphorus, and nitrogen applied as urea and sodium nitrate. Liming increased soil pH by around 1.5 units, raised exchangeable Ca2+ and decreased available Mn. Soil mineral N content was only marginally affected by liming. Superphosphate increased soil available P and raised levels of P in foliage. Changes in soil pH, availability of P, Mn, and B did not affect growth or stem deformity at any of the sites. In contrast, application of N fertilisers at 200 and 600 kg N ha(-1) increased mineral N content and stimulated nitrification, particularly at the forest site. The high rate of N fertiliser increased basal area at the forest site by 45%, but also raised the level of stem deformity from 12% to 56%. At the tobacco and pasture sites, this treatment did not increase growth and did not significantly raise stem deformity above the already high basic level of deformity (63%). Implications of stem deformity in young plantations of radiata pine on potential utilisation later in the rotation are discussed.
机译：与森林土壤相比，以前在以豆科植物为主的牧场下的土壤上种植放射松（P. radiata D.Don）具有较高的茎畸形发生率。在研究的第一部分中，对5至7岁辐射松的土壤性质和树木营养的比较研究表明，茎畸形与土壤N的矿化尤其是硝化密切相关。由于改良牧场而改变的其他土壤特性，例如pH，有效磷和锰与茎畸形仅部分相关。在研究的第二部分中，在一个单独的田间试验中进一步研究了氮素有效性和其他土壤性质在畸形表达中的作用，该试验原先是在天然桉树林，烟草种植和改良牧场下进行的。用石灰，磷和氮作为尿素和硝酸钠处理辐射松幼苗。石灰使土壤pH值升高约1.5个单位，可交换的Ca2 +升高，有效Mn降低。石灰对土壤矿质氮含量的影响很小。过磷酸钙增加了土壤中的有效磷并提高了叶片中磷的含量。土壤pH值的变化，P，Mn和B的有效性均不影响任何地点的生长或茎变形。相反，在200和600 kg N ha（-1）下施用氮肥会增加矿物质N的含量并刺激硝化作用，特别是在森林地区。较高的氮肥用量使森林基地面积增加了45％，但茎秆变形水平也从12％提高到56％。在烟草和牧场，这种处理方法不会增加茎的生长，也不会显着提高茎的畸形，使其高于已经很高的基本畸形水平（63％）。讨论了辐射松幼林茎畸形对轮作后期潜在利用的影响。

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