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The effect of rate and Cd concentration of repeated phosphate fertilizer applications on seed Cd concentration varies with crop type and environment

机译:重复施用磷肥的速率和镉浓度对种子镉浓度的影响随作物类型和环境而变化

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摘要

Limited information is available on how cadmium (Cd) applied in phosphate fertilizer interacts with soil and environmental conditions over time to affect crop Cd concentrations. Field studies from 2002 to 2009 at seven locations evaluated the cumulative effects of P fertilizer rate and Cd concentration on seed Cd concentration of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) and flax (Linum usitatissiumum L.). Soil characteristics and environment affected Cd availability. Durum wheat grain Cd increased with P fertilizer rate but effect on flaxseed Cd concentration was smaller. Cadmium concentration in fertilizer had a greater effect on flaxseed than durum wheat Cd concentration. Seed Cd concentration of both crops was greatest with the highest rate P fertilizer containing the highest Cd concentration. There was not a strong cumulative effect of fertilization over the 8 years of the study, indicating attenuation of Cd availability over time. Cadmium in phosphate fertilizer increases Cd available for crop uptake, but crop Cd concentration is also affected by soil characteristics and annual environmental conditions. Type of crop produced and soil and environmental characteristics that affect phytoavailability must be taken into account when assessing the Cd risk from P fertilization.
机译:关于磷肥中施用的镉(Cd)如何随着时间的推移与土壤和环境条件相互作用以影响农作物Cd浓度的信息很少。 2002年至2009年在七个地点进行的田间研究评估了磷肥和Cd浓度对硬粒小麦(Triticum turgidum L.)和亚麻(Linum usitatissiumum L.)种子Cd浓度的累积影响。土壤特征和环境影响了镉的有效性。硬粒小麦Cd随磷肥用量的增加而增加,但对亚麻籽Cd的影响较小。肥料中镉的浓度对亚麻籽的影响比硬粒小麦Cd的浓度大。两种作物的种子中Cd浓度最高,而含Cd浓度最高的P肥最高。在研究的8年中,施肥没有很强的累积效应,表明镉的有效性随时间而降低。磷肥中的镉增加了作物吸收Cd的能力,但作物Cd的浓度也受到土壤特性和年度环境条件的影响。在评估磷肥中镉的风险时,必须考虑农作物的生产类型以及影响植物利用率的土壤和环境特征。

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