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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Nutrient salts and the toxicity of black-layer induced by cyanobacteria and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans to Agrostis palustris.
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Nutrient salts and the toxicity of black-layer induced by cyanobacteria and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans to Agrostis palustris.

机译：蓝细菌和脱硫脱硫弧菌诱导的营养盐和黑皮层对Ag草的毒性。

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Cyanobacteria and D. desulfuricans can interact to form a subsurface black layer in high sand content golf greens that impairs internal water drainage and results in the decline of the A. palustris [A. stolonifera var. palustris] turfgrass on the green. Research was initiated to evaluate the effect of mineral salts (sulfur, iron and lime) and fructose added to a balanced nutrient salts control solution on the development and toxicity of the black layer to the growth of A. palustris. The various nutrient salts combinations were applied to single isolates of cyanobacteria and D. desulfuricans in non-black layered sand, and to the combination of cyanobacteria and D. desulfuricans (necessary for black layer development) in black layered sand. Dry weights of A. palustris treated with the control solution decreased with individual isolates of cyanobacteria and more so in the blackened sand produced by the combinations of cyanobacteria and D. desulfuricans. The addition of sulfur to the solution increased dry weights of A. palustris growing with single isolates of cyanobacteria and in the sand blackened by the combinations of cyanobacteria and D. desulfuricans compared with the control; dry weight decreased in response to sulfur only in non-blackened sand with D. desulfuricans alone. The addition of iron to the solution produced the greatest increase in dry weight relative to the control among all single and combined microorganisms, except for D. desulfuricans. The addition of lime or fructose to thesolution decreased dry weight among plants growing in the organism-free control, with D. desulfuricans alone, and with individual isolates of cyanobacteria relative to the control. Dry weights in response to lime and fructose in sand blackened by the combination of cyanobacteria and D. desulfuricans remained unchanged or decreased relative to the control. Growing roots of A. palustris cleared the blackening in sand and showed gold-coloured cortical cells with blackened cell walls and vascular cylinders.The observations are discussed relative to the role of the various salts on the toxicity of D. desulfuricans to A. palustris in black layered and non- black layered sand.
机译：蓝细菌和脱硫葡萄球菌可以相互作用，从而在高含沙量的高尔夫球果岭中形成一个地下黑色层，从而损害内部排水并导致A. palustris的衰落[A． stolonifera变种palustris]在绿色的草皮草。已开始研究，以评估向平衡营养盐控制溶液中添加矿物质盐（硫，铁和石灰）和果糖对黑皮病菌生长和黑粉菌生长的毒性的影响。将各种营养盐组合应用于非黑色层状沙子中的蓝细菌和脱硫尿杆菌的单个分离物，以及黑色层沙子中蓝细菌和脱硫尿菌的组合（黑层发育所必需）。用对照溶液处理的A. palustris的干重随着单独的蓝细菌分离而降低，而在蓝细菌和脱硫双歧杆菌的组合产生的发黑沙中则更为明显。与对照相比，向溶液中添加硫增加了由单一的蓝细菌分离物和在蓝细菌和脱硫葡萄球菌的组合熏黑的沙子中生长的A. palustris的干重。仅在非发黑的沙子中仅用脱硫D.脱硫链霉菌，干重响应于硫而降低。相对于所有单一微生物和合并微生物，除脱硫葡萄球菌外，向溶液中添加铁产生的干重增加最大。相对于对照，在无生物的对照中生长的植物中添加石灰或果糖降低了在无生物对照中生长的植物的干重，单独使用了脱硫双歧杆菌，并且单独分离了蓝细菌。蓝藻和脱硫双歧杆菌的组合使发黑的沙子中对石灰和果糖产生的干重相对于对照保持不变或降低。生长的A. palustris根清除了沙子中的黑斑，并显示了带有黑色皮质的细胞壁和维管柱的金色皮质细胞。讨论了有关各种盐对D.desulfuricans对A. palustris的毒性作用的观察结果。黑色层状和非黑色层状的沙子。

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