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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >A technique for studying rhizosphere processes in tree crops: soil phosphorus depletion around camellia (Camellia japonica L.) roots.
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A technique for studying rhizosphere processes in tree crops: soil phosphorus depletion around camellia (Camellia japonica L.) roots.

机译：研究树木作物根际过程的一种技术：山茶（Camellia japonica L.）根周围的土壤磷耗竭。

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In field and greenhouse trials, a modified root study container (RSC) technique developed for annual crops, grasses and legumes was used to study the mechanisms by which Camellia japonica plants use soil P. In the greenhouse trial, the RSCs were filled with a silt loam soil (Dystric Eutrochrept) treated with 200 鎔/g soil of North Carolina phosphate rock (NCPR), diammonium phosphate, mono calcium phosphate or single superphosphate (SSP). A planar mat of roots was physically separated by a 24 鎚 polyester mesh and the soil on the other side of this mesh was cut into thin slices parallel to the rhizoplane and analysed for pH, and different forms of P (organic, Po and inorganic, Pi) to assess P depletion at different distances from roots. In the field trial this technique was modified and used to study the rhizosphere processes in mature trees given SSP or NCPR. In both field and greenhouse trials, all P fertilizers increased all the bulk soil P fractions except NaOH-Po, with the greatest increasesbeing in the H2SO4-Pi fraction in the NCPR treatment and NaOH-Pi in the SSP treatment. Resin-P, NaOH-Pi and H2SO4-Pi were significantly lower in the rhizosphere soil than the bulk soil whereas NaOH-Po was higher in the rhizosphere soil than in the bulk soil. Plant and microbial P uptake were assumed to be the major causes of the low resin-P rather than P fixation by Fe and Al because the NaOH-Pi fraction, which is a measure of Fe-P and Al-P, also decreased in the rhizosphere soil. The rhizo-deposition of NaOH-Po suggests that labile inorganic P was immobilized by rhizosphere microbes which were believed to have multiplied as a result of carbon exudates from the roots. A marked reduction in pH (about 0.2-0.4 in the greenhouse and 0.2 in the field trial)was observed near the rhizoplane compared with that in the bulk soil in all treatments. The pH near the rhizoplane as well as in the bulk soil was highest for NCPR-treated soil. The increase in pH in the NCPR treatment over the control was consistent with the number of protons consumed during the dissolution of NCPR. In both trials, the dissolution of NCPR in the rhizosphere was higher than in the bulk soil due to lower pH and plant uptake of solution P in the rhizosphere. The RSC technique proved to be a viable aid to the study of rhizosphere processes in tree crops.
机译：在田间和温室试验中，针对一年生作物，草和豆类开发的改良根研究容器（RSC）技术用于研究山茶植物利用土壤P的机制。在温室试验中，RSC充满了淤泥用200镕/ g的北卡罗莱纳州磷矿石（NCPR），磷酸氢二铵，磷酸一钙或单一过磷酸钙（SSP）处理的壤土（Dystric Eutrochrept）。用24锤聚酯纤维网将根的平面垫物理分开，并将该网另一侧的土壤切成平行于根际平面的薄片，并分析pH值以及不同形式的P（有机，Po和无机， Pi）以评估距根不同距离的P消耗。在野外试验中，对该技术进行了修改，并用于研究在给定SSP或NCPR的情况下成熟树的根际过程。在田间试验和温室试验中，除NaOH-Po外，所有P肥料均增加了所有土壤P组分，NCPR处理中的H2SO4-Pi组分和SSP处理中的NaOH-Pi增幅最大。根际土壤中的树脂-P，NaOH-Pi和H2SO4-Pi显着低于块状土壤，而NaOH-Po在根际土壤中则高于块状土壤。假定植物和微生物对磷的吸收是造成树脂P低的主要原因，而不是被铁和铝固定磷的原因，因为NaOH-Pi分数（用于衡量Fe-P和Al-P的量）也降低了。根际土壤。 NaOH-Po的根际沉积表明，不稳定的无机P被根际微生物固定，根际微生物被认为是由于从根部渗出碳而繁殖的。在所有处理中，与在大块土壤中相比，在根际平面附近观察到pH显着降低（温室中约为0.2-0.4，田间试验中约为0.2）。对于NCPR处理过的土壤，根际和土壤中的pH最高。与对照组相比，NCPR处理中pH的增加与NCPR溶解过程中消耗的质子数一致。在这两个试验中，由于较低的pH值和植物对根际溶液P的吸收，NCPR在根际中的溶出度高于散装土壤中。事实证明，RSC技术可用于研究树木作物的根际过程。

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