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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Genetically vigorous wheat genotypes maintain superior early growth in no-till soils
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Genetically vigorous wheat genotypes maintain superior early growth in no-till soils

机译：遗传力强的小麦基因型在免耕土壤中保持优异的早期生长

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Reduced tillage is widely used in maintaining sustainable agricultural systems. Early growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is often impaired in the high strength soils typical of no-till. This may reflect the intrinsically reduced vigour of commercial wheat varieties. We investigated how genotypes selected for greater early vigour performed relative to a broader range of wheat genotypes for shoot and root growth in cultivated and no-till conditions. We assessed a range of cereal germplasm varying for early growth (establishment and leaf area development) under contrasting tillage conditions in a very favourable season, and then the performance of a selected subset validated in repacked soil cores in controlled environments. We measured above- and belowground growth, and parameters associated with adaptation to increasing soil strength. High strength soil reduced early shoot and root growth. There were no effects on plant number at emergence and coleoptile length was unimportant. Increased soil strength reduced early growth of all genotypes including genetically vigourous wheats. However, the ranking for vigour was maintained with high strength soil suggesting breeding lines and populations containing genes for greater early growth may still be beneficial in selection for improved performance in no-till. Genotypic increases in specific leaf area and leaf breadth were both associated with genetically greater seedling leaf area and biomass, and potential for greater root growth in no-till. Early growth of all wheats was reduced with no till and the harder, high strength soil associated with this tillage system. Genetic variation was large in no-till and cultivated soils alike. In high strength and no-till soils, the relationship with shoot and root vigour was positive indicating selection for greater early growth in breeding programs may increase leaf area and improve root growth.
机译：减少耕种被广泛用于维持可持续农业系统。在免耕典型的高强度土壤中，小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的早期生长常常受到损害。这可能反映出商业小麦品种的内在活力降低。我们调查了在较早耕种和免耕条件下，相对于更广泛的小麦基因型而言，如何选择具有更高早期活力的基因型来进行芽和根生长。我们评估了在非常有利的季节中，在不同耕作条件下，早期生长（建立和叶面积发育）不同的谷物种质资源，然后在受控环境中重新包装的土壤核心中验证了所选子集的性能。我们测量了地下和地下的生长以及与适应土壤强度增加相关的参数。高强度土壤减少了早芽和根的生长。出苗时对植物数量没有影响，胚芽鞘长度并不重要。土壤强度的提高降低了所有基因型的早期生长，包括遗传旺盛的小麦。然而，高强度土壤保持了活力排名，这表明育种系和包含更高早期生长基因的种群可能仍然有利于选择免耕性能。特定叶面积和叶宽的基因型增加与遗传上更大的幼苗叶面积和生物量有关，并且在免耕条件下具有更大的根生长潜力。在没有耕作的情况下，所有小麦的早期生长都减少了，与此耕作系统相关的较硬，高强度的土壤。免耕和耕作土壤的遗传变异都很大。在高强度和免耕土壤中，与芽和根系活力的关系为正，表明在育种程序中选择更大的早期生长可能会增加叶面积并改善根系生长。

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