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The growth of external AM fungal mycelium in sand dunes and inexperimental systems

机译：沙丘和实验系统中外部AM真菌菌丝体的生长

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摘要

We estimated the biomass and growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) mycelium in sand dunes using signature fatty acids. Mesh bags and tubes, containing initially mycelium-free sand, were buried in the field near the roots of the dune grass Ammophila arenaria L. AM fungal mycelia were detected at a distance of about 8.5 cm from the roots after 68 days of growth by use of neutral lipid fatty acid (NLFA) 16:1 omega5. The average rate of mycelium extension during September and October was estimated as 1.2 mm day(-1). The lipid and fatty acid compositions of AM fungal mycelia of isolates and from sand dunes were analysed and showed all to be of a similar composition. Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) can be used as indicators of microbial biomass. The mycelium of G. intraradices growing in glass beads contained 8.3 nmol PLFAs per mg dry biomass, and about 15% of the PLFAs in G. intraradices, G. claroideum and AM fungal mycelium extracted from sand dunes, consisted of the signature PLFA 16:1 omega5. We thus suggest a conversion factor of 1.2 nmol PLFA 16:1 omega5 per mg dry biomass. Calculations using this conversion factor indicated up to 34 mug dry AM fungal biomass per g sand in the sand dunes, which was less than one tenth of that found in an experimental system with Glomus spp. growing with cucumber as plant associate in agricultural soil. The PLFA results from different systems indicated that the biomass of the AM fungi constitutes a considerable part of the total soil microbial biomass. Calculations based on ATP of AM fungi in an experimental growth system indicated that the biomass of the AM fungi constituted approximately 30% of the total microbial biomass.
机译：我们使用特征性脂肪酸估算了沙丘中丛枝菌根（AM）菌丝的生物量和生长。在最初生长68天后，沙丘草沙门氏菌根部附近的田地中埋入了最初装有不含菌丝的沙子的网袋和试管。在距根部约8.5 cm处检测到AM真菌菌丝体中性脂质脂肪酸（NLFA）16：1 omega5。 9月和10月的平均菌丝扩展率估计为1.2毫米天（-1）。分析了分离株和沙丘的AM真菌菌丝体的脂质和脂肪酸组成，并显示它们的组成相似。磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）可用作微生物生物量的指标。在玻璃珠中生长的G. intraradices菌丝体的菌丝每毫克干生物量含有8.3 nmol PLFA，而G. intraradices的G. claroideum和AM真菌菌丝体中从沙丘中提取的PLFA约占15％，由标志性PLFA 16组成： 1欧米茄5。因此，我们建议每毫克干生物量的转化因子为1.2 nmol PLFA 16：1 omega5。使用此转换因子进行的计算表明，沙丘中每克沙子最多含34马克杯干AM真菌生物量，不到Glomus spp实验系统中的十分之一。与黄瓜一起生长，作为农业土壤中的植物伴。来自不同系统的PLFA结果表明AM真菌的生物量构成了土壤微生物总生物量的很大一部分。在实验生长系统中基于AM真菌的ATP进行的计算表明，AM真菌的生物量约占微生物总生物量的30％。

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