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Interaction of drought and high temperature on photosynthesis and grain-filling of wheat

机译：干旱与高温的相互作用对小麦光合作用和籽粒灌浆的影响

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Drought and high temperature often occur simultaneously, but their effects on crops are usually investigated individually. Our objective was to compare effects of drought, high temperature, and their interactions on photosynthesis and grain-growth of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Plants (cv. Len) were grown uniformly in well-watered soil at 25/20 +/- 2degreesC dayight until anthesis, when they were subjected to regimes of no drought ( soil at field capacity) and drought ( plant water potential of -. 0 to - 2.4 MPa) at 15/10, 25/20, and 35/30degreesC in controlled environments until physiological maturity. Drought decreased photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, viable leaf area, shoot and grain mass, and weight and soluble sugar content of kernels but increased plant water-use efficiency. High temperature hastened the decline in photosynthesis and leaf area, decreased shoot and grain mass as well as weight and sugar content of kernels, and reduced water-use efficiency. Interactions between the two stresses were pronounced, and consequences of drought on all physiological parameters were more severe at high temperature than low temperature. The synergistic interactions indicated that productivity of wheat is reduced considerably more by the combined stresses than by either stress alone, and that much of the effect is on photosynthetic processes. [References: 28]
机译：干旱和高温经常同时发生，但是它们对农作物的影响通常需要单独调查。我们的目的是比较干旱，高温及其相互作用对小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）光合作用和籽粒生长的影响。植物（cv。Len）于25/20 +/- 2摄氏度的昼/夜条件下，在灌溉良好的土壤中均匀生长，直到开花，然后再经受无干旱（田间持水的土壤）和干旱（植物水势-。0到-2.4 MPa）在受控环境中在15 / 10、25 / 20和35/30摄氏度下进行，直到生理成熟。干旱降低了光合作用，气孔导度，活叶面积，枝条和籽粒质量以及籽粒的重量和可溶性糖含量，但增加了植物的水分利用效率。高温加速了光合作用和叶片面积的下降，降低了芽和谷粒的质量，降低了籽粒的重量和糖含量，降低了水分利用效率。两个应力之间的相互作用是明显的，并且干旱对所有生理参数的后果在高温下要比低温下更严重。协同相互作用表明，综合胁迫比单独的任一种胁迫都大大降低了小麦的生产力，而且大部分影响是对光合作用的。 [参考：28]

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