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Selecting plants to minimise radiocaesium in the food chain

机译:选择植物以减少食物链中的放射性铯

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摘要

Caesium (Cs) is an alkali metal with chemical properties similar to potassium (K). It has no known role in plant nutrition and it is not toxic to plants at the micromolar concentrations occurring naturally in soil solutions. However, two radioisotopes of Cs (Cs-134 and Cs-137) are of environmental concern due to their relatively long half-lives, emissions of beta and gamma radiation during decay, and rapid incorporation into biological systems. There is considerable interest in remediating sites contaminated by these isotopes using phytoextraction and, since the produce from radiocaesium-contaminated areas may enter the food chain, the introduction of 'safe' crops that do not accumulate Cs. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of Cs uptake by plants, and provides a perspective on strategies to develop: (1) plants that extract Cs efficiently from soils (for the phytoremediation of land), or (2) 'safe' crops that minimise the entry of radiocaesium directly into the human food chain.
机译:铯(Cs)是一种碱金属,化学性质类似于钾(K)。它在植物营养中没有已知作用,并且在土壤溶液中天然存在的微摩尔浓度下对植物无毒。但是,Cs的两个放射性同位素(Cs-134和Cs-137)由于其相对较长的半衰期,衰变过程中发射的β和γ辐射以及迅速掺入生物系统而引起了环境关注。人们对通过植物提取来修复被这些同位素污染的地点非常感兴趣,并且由于放射性铯污染地区的农产品可能进入食物链,因此引入了不会累积Cs的“安全”农作物。本文回顾了植物吸收Cs的分子机制,并提出了开发策略的观点:(1)从土壤中有效提取Cs的植物(用于土地的植物修复),或(2)尽量减少Cs吸收的“安全”农作物。放射性铯直接进入人类食物链。

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