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Water use and yield of tomatoes under limited water and excess boron

机译：在有限的水分和过量的硼下，番茄的水分利用和产量

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摘要

Boron is essential to growth at low concentrations and limits growth and yield when in excess. Little is known about plant response to excess boron ( B) and water stress occurring simultaneously. The influences of B and water supply on tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were investigated in lysimeters. Water application levels were 30, 60, 100, 130 and 160% of potential evapotranspiration. Boron levels in irrigation water were 0.02, 0.37, and 0.74 mol m(-3). Conditions of excess boron and of water deficits were found to decrease yield and transpiration of tomatoes. Simultaneous B and drought stresses did not result in a larger effect but rather, one or the other stress-causing factor was found to be dominant in plant response. Both irrigation water quantity and boron concentration influenced water use of the plants in the same manner as they influenced yield. A dominant- stress-factor model following the Liebig-Sprengel law of the minimum was assumed and validated. The model applies the principle that, when a plant is submitted to conditions of stress caused by B in conjunction with water and/or salinity stress, the most severe stress determines yield.
机译：硼对于低浓度生长至关重要，过量时会限制生长和产量。关于植物对过量硼（B）和同时发生的水分胁迫的反应知之甚少。用溶渗仪研究了硼和水的供应对番茄（番茄的生长）的影响。水分施用量为潜在蒸散量的30％，60％，100％，130％和160％。灌溉水中的硼含量分别为0.02、0.37和0.74 mol m（-3）。发现过量的硼和水分缺乏的条件降低了番茄的产量和蒸腾作用。同时B和干旱胁迫并未产生更大的影响，相反，发现一个或另一个引起胁迫的因素在植物响应中占主导地位。灌溉水量和硼浓度以与影响产量相同的方式影响植物的用水。假设并验证了遵循最小Liebig-Sprengel定律的主导应力因子模型。该模型采用的原理是，当植物因水和/或盐分胁迫而遭受B胁迫时，最严重的胁迫决定了产量。

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