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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Soil enzyme activities and organic matter composition in a turfgrass chronosequence.
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Soil enzyme activities and organic matter composition in a turfgrass chronosequence.

机译：草坪草时间序列中的土壤酶活性和有机质组成。

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Highly managed turfgrass systems accumulate considerable soil organic C, which supports a diverse and robust soil microbial community. Degradation of this soil organic C is mediated by a suite of soil enzymes. The relationship between these enzyme activities and the quality of soil organic C is central to understanding the dynamics of soil organic matter. We examined the activities of several soil enzymes involved in microbial C acquisition, including beta -glucosidase, N-acetyl- beta -glucosaminidase, cellulase, chitinase, and phenol oxidase, and characterized the chemical composition of soil organic matter using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in a turfgrass chronosequence (1-95 years old) and adjacent native pines. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the chemical composition of soil organic matter varied with turf age and land use (turf versus pines). Using the polysaccharide peak (1,060 cm-1) as a reference, both aliphatic (2,930 cm-1) and carboxylic (1,650 and 1,380 cm-1) compounds increased with turf age, indicating that soil organic matter became more recalcitrant. Soil enzyme activities per unit soil mass increased with turf age and were correlated to soil C content. Most soil enzyme activities in native pines were similar to those in young turf, but the cellulase activity was similar to or greater than the activity in old turfgrass systems. On a soil C basis, however, the activities of N-acetyl- beta -glucosaminidase and cellulase decreased with turf age; this reduction was correlated to the relative changes in the chemical composition of soil organic matter. We observed that the chemical composition of soil organic matter was significantly correlated with the enzyme activity profile when expressed per unit microbial biomass C, but not per unit soil organic C. Our results suggest that chemical composition of soil organic matter changes with turf age and this change partially determines the relative abundance of C-degrading soil enzymes, likely through the influence on microbial community composition..
机译：高度管理的草坪草系统会积聚大量的土壤有机碳，从而支持了多种多样且健壮的土壤微生物群落。这种土壤有机碳的降解是由一系列土壤酶介导的。这些酶活性与土壤有机碳质量之间的关系对于理解土壤有机质的动力学至关重要。我们检查了参与微生物C吸收的几种土壤酶的活性，包括β-葡糖苷酶，N-乙酰基-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶，纤维素酶，几丁质酶和苯酚氧化酶，并使用傅里叶变换红外光谱法对土壤有机物的化学组成进行了表征（草皮草的时间序列（1-95岁）和邻近的天然松树。非度量多维标度分析表明，土壤有机质的化学组成随草皮年龄和土地利用（草皮与松树）的变化而变化。使用多糖峰（1,060 cm-1）作为参考，脂肪族化合物（2,930 cm-1）和羧酸化合物（1,650和1,380 cm-1）均随着草皮年龄的增加而增加，表明土壤有机质变得更加顽强。单位土壤质量的土壤酶活性随草皮年龄的增加而增加，并与土壤碳含量相关。天然松树中的大多数土壤酶活性与年轻草皮中的相似，但纤维素酶活性与旧草皮系统中的相似或更高。然而，在土壤C的基础上，N-乙酰基-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶和纤维素酶的活性随草皮年龄的增加而降低。这种减少与土壤有机质化学成分的相对变化有关。我们观察到，每单位微生物生物量碳表达时，土壤有机质的化学成分与酶活性显着相关，但每单位土壤有机碳中则无相关性。我们的结果表明，土壤有机质的化学成分随草皮年龄而变化。变化可能部分通过影响微生物群落组成的方式决定了降解C的土壤酶的相对丰度。

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