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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Yields and accumulations of N and P in farmer-managed intercrops of maize-pigeonpea in semi-arid Africa.
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Yields and accumulations of N and P in farmer-managed intercrops of maize-pigeonpea in semi-arid Africa.

机译：半干旱非洲玉米-鸽子豆农户间作间作中氮和磷的产量和积累。

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Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major staple food in Sub-Saharan Africa but low soil fertility, limited resources and droughts keep yields low. Cultivation of maize intercropped with pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) is common in some areas of eastern and southern Africa. The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate dry matter, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) accumulation in different plant components of maize-pigeonpea intercropping systems and (2) to report the effects of the intercrops on soil fertility. Maize-pigeonpea intercrops were compared to sole maize grown using farmers' practices. Intercropping maize and pigeonpea increased (P&0.05) total system yield compared to sole maize in terms of biomass, N and P accumulation. Pigeonpea planted in maize did not reduce (P&0.05) the accumulation of dry matter, N nor P in the maize grain. The harvest indices of maize, calculated on basis dry matter, N or P did not differ either (P&0.05). Total soil C and N contents and inorganic N content, nitrate and ammonium, were not affected by two seasons of maize-pigeonpea intercropping compared to sole maize (P&0.11). Nitrate and ammonium levels in soil were still not affected by the treatments after the soils were incubated in anaerobic conditions for 8 days at 37 degrees C (P&0.11). However, pigeonpea added up to 60 kg of N ha-1 to the system and accumulated up to 6 kg of P ha-1 and only 25% of this N and P were exported in the grain. In conclusion, beside the added grain yield of pigeonpea in the intercropped systems, pigeonpea increased the recirculation of dry matter, N and P, which may have a long-term effect on soil fertility. Furthermore, the stems from pigeonpea contributed to household fuel wood consumption. The intercropped system thus had multiple benefits that gave significant increase in combined yield per unit area without additional labour requirements. The main requirement in order to up-scale the maize-pigeonpea intercropping approach is sufficient supply of high-quality pigeonpea seeds..
机译：玉米（Zea mays L.）是撒哈拉以南非洲的主要主食，但土壤肥力低，资源有限和干旱使单产低。在非洲东部和南部的某些地区，常见的种有木豆间作的玉米（Cajanus cajan L. Millsp。）。这项研究的目的是（1）研究玉米-豌豆间作系统不同植物成分中干物质，氮（N）和磷（P）的积累，以及（2）报告间作对土壤肥力的影响。将玉米-白豌豆间作与使用农民的做法种植的唯一玉米进行了比较。套种玉米和木豆与单株玉米相比，在生物量，氮和磷积累方面提高了（P ＜0.05）。玉米中种植的木豆没有减少（P ＜0.05）玉米籽粒中干物质，氮和磷的积累。基于基础干物质N或P计算的玉米收获指数也没有差异（P ＜0.05）。与单独的玉米相比，玉米-天竺葵间作的两个季节不影响土壤总碳和氮含量以及无机氮含量，硝酸盐和铵盐（P＞ 0.11）。在土壤在37℃下于厌氧条件下培养8天后，土壤中的硝酸盐和铵水平仍不受处理的影响（P＞ 0.11）。但是，木豆向系统中添加了多达60 kg的N ha-1，并积累了多达6 kg的P ha-1，只有25％的N和P出口到了谷物中。总之，除了间作系统中增加了木豆的谷物产量外，木豆还增加了干物质氮和磷的再循环，这可能对土壤肥力产生长期影响。此外，木豆的茎增加了家用薪柴的消费。因此，间作系统具有多种优点，在不增加人工需求的情况下，大大提高了单位面积的综合产量。为了扩大玉米-木豆间作方法的主要要求，是充足的优质木豆种子供应。

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