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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Saprophytic and pathogenic behaviour of R. solani AG2-1 (ZG-5) in a soil amended with Diplotaxis tenuifolia or Brassica nigra manures and incubated at different temperatures and soil water content.
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Saprophytic and pathogenic behaviour of R. solani AG2-1 (ZG-5) in a soil amended with Diplotaxis tenuifolia or Brassica nigra manures and incubated at different temperatures and soil water content.

机译：solani R. solani AG2-1（ZG-5）在用Diplotaxis tenuifolia或Brassica nigra肥料改良的土壤中的腐生和致病行为，并在不同温度和土壤含水量下孵育。

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The Brassicaceae species Diplotaxis tenuifolia and Brassica nigra contain high concentrations of glucosinolates, the precursors of isothiocyanates (ITCs) that can have biofumigation effects in amended soils. In a laboratory experiment, incorporation of these plants as green manures into soil was expected to suppress Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1 (ZG5), the causal agent of damping-off in canola (Brassica napus). The manures were incorporated at 1 (1% w/w) or 5 (5% w/w) g fresh material per 100 g dry soil and incubated for 6 months at 10, 20, or 30 degrees C and at soil water contents of 10%, 40%, or 70% of water holding capacity. R. solani survived for up to 6 months as a saprophyte in un-amended soil at all soil water contents and at 10 and 20 degrees C. A temperature of 30 degrees C suppressed R. solani below the level of detection in all treatments after one week. At 1% concentration, the green manures increased the colonization of the soil by R. solani, which caused severe damping-off of canola subsequently sown in this soil treatment. Soil amendments at 1% temporarily increased soil microbial activity. The addition of B. nigra or D. tenuifolia green manure at 5% concentration suppressed the saprophytic growth of R. solani incubated at 10 or 20 degrees C over all soil water contents and significantly increased the microbial activity at all soil temperatures and water contents. Canola sown into these pots did not succumb to damping-off. The efficiency of hydrolysis of glucosinolates in the 5% treatment in the first week of incubation ranged from 1.6% for 2-propenyl ITC, extracted from soil containing tissues of B. nigra, to 3.4% for 3-butenyl ITC extracted from soil containing tissues of D. tenuifolia. 2-propenyl ITC could not be detected after 7 d of incubation. In the longer term (weeks to months), the increase of microbial activity, caused by adding green manures at 5%, or volatiles from the green manures, most likely played a dominant role in suppressing R. solani. The impact of ITCs, if any, appears to be short-term (days).
机译：芸苔科物种Diplotaxis tenuifolia和黑芥子含有高浓度的芥子油苷，这是异硫氰酸酯（ITC）的前体，在改良的土壤中可能具有生物熏蒸作用。在实验室实验中，预期将这些植物作为绿肥掺入土壤中可抑制茄油枯萎病的根瘤菌（Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1）（ZG5）。每100克干土壤中掺入1（1％w / w）或5（5％w / w）新鲜物料的肥料，并在10、20或30摄氏度和土壤含水量为60℃下孵育6个月。持水量的10％，40％或70％。在所有土壤含水量以及10和20摄氏度下，solani腐烂菌作为腐生菌在未改良的土壤中最多可以存活6个月。温度为30摄氏度时，solani solani腐烂处理在所有处理中均低于检测水平。周。在1％的浓度下，绿肥增加了土壤单胞菌的土壤定殖，这导致随后在此土壤处理中播种的双低油菜籽受到严重的抑制。 1％的土壤改良剂会暂时增加土壤微生物活性。在5％的浓度下添加黑褐腐病菌或ten.folia绿粪肥抑制了在10或20摄氏度下在所有土壤水分中温育的茄根腐菌的腐生生长，并显着提高了在所有土壤温度和水分含量下的微生物活性。播种在这些花盆中的双低油菜籽不易受阻尼的影响。在培养的第一周，在5％的处理中芥子油苷的水解效率范围为：从含有黑衣芽孢杆菌组织的土壤中提取的2-丙烯基ITC的1.6％，到从含有土壤组织的土壤中提取的3-丁烯基ITC的3.4％。 D. tenuifolia。孵育7天后未检测到2-丙烯基ITC。从长期来看（数周到数月），微生物活性的增加（最主要的原因是抑制solani。solani）是由添加5％的绿肥或绿肥中的挥发物引起的。 ITC的影响（如果有的话）似乎是短期的（天）。

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