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Leaching loss of NO3-N and dissolved P from manure and fertilizer during turfgrass establishment

机译：草坪草形成过程中肥料和肥料中NO3-N和溶解态P的淋失

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Cycling of manure nutrients through turfgrass sod could affect groundwater quality. The fate of nutrients in transplanted fertilizer- or manure-grown sod of Tifway bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davey) was compared with that in composted dairy manure (CDM) applied to a sprigged treatment. Leaching loss of NO3-N and dissolved P (DP) in filtrate (<0.45 micro m) of leachate was compared among sodded and sprigged treatments during periods 0-50, 60-110, and 330-380 d after planting in lysimeters. In addition, recovery of N and P in turfgrass clippings and a sand medium was quantified. Maintenance applications of CDM or fertilizer P were top-dressed starting 60 d after planting. Leachate was collected and sampled over three simulated rain events during each of the three sampling periods. From 0 d to 50 d after planting, leaching loss of NO3-N from sprigged Tifway totaled 2.0 g m-2 and was 10 times greater than loss from CDM-grown or fertilizer-grown sod. In contrast, DP loss in leachate was <=0.02 g m-2 and similar among treatments. Surface applications of CDM and fertilizer P and N increased concentration and mass of total Kjeldahl N (TKN) and soil-test P (STP) in surface or subsurface layers of the sand medium. Yet, NO3-N mass in leachate collected over three simulated rain events ranged from 0.0 to only 1.0% of applied N from 60-110 d and 330-380 d after planting. Leaching loss of NO3-N did not differ between the sodded and sprigged treatments after two topdressings of CDM. Similarly, the DP mass recovered in leachate was small (<=0.013 g m-1) and did not differ among treatments during the latter two sampling periods. The mass loss of DP in leachate was typically less than the DP mass applied through irrigation or simulated rain. Importing CDM in sod reduces NO3-N leaching loss compared to sprigged turfgrass amended with CDM, but NO3-N and DP leaching losses are similar during maintenance of CDM-grown and fertilizer-grown sod from 60-110 d to 330-380 d after transplanting..
机译：粪肥养分通过草皮草的循环会影响地下水质量。对比了用化肥或粪肥种植的Tifway百慕大草（Cynodon dactylon L. Pers。x C.transvaalensis Burtt-Davey）的草皮中养分的命运，将其用于堆肥处理中的堆肥。比较了在渗灌机中种植后0-50、60-110和330-380 d的湿浸处理和小枝处理中NO3-N和浸出滤液（<0.45微米）中溶解的P（DP）的淋失损失。此外，还对草皮草屑和沙土中的氮和磷的回收率进行了定量。播种后60天开始对CDM或肥料P的维护施肥。在三个采样期间的每个期间，在三个模拟降雨事件中收集并采样了渗滤液。播种后0 d至50 d，从滴灌的Tifway中浸出的NO3-N损失总计为2.0 g m-2，是CDM生长或肥料生长的草皮损失的10倍。相反，渗滤液中的DP损失<= 0.02 g m-2，在处理之间相似。 CDM和肥料P和N的表面施用增加了沙质介质表层或地下层的凯氏定氮（TKN）和土壤测磷（STP）的浓度和质量。然而，在种植后的60-110 d和330-380 d期间，在三个模拟降雨事件中收集的渗滤液中NO3-N的含量范围为所施用N的0.0％至1.0％。在两次CDM追肥后，湿润和枝条处理的NO3-N淋溶损失没有差异。同样，在渗滤液中回收的DP质量很小（<= 0.013 g m-1），在后两个采样期间各处理之间没有差异。渗滤液中DP的质量损失通常小于通过灌溉或模拟降雨施加的DP质量。与用CDM修整的草皮草相比，在草皮中导入CDM减少了NO3-N淋溶损失，但是在维持CDM生长和肥料生长的草皮从60-110 d到330-380 d后，NO3-N和DP的淋溶损失相似。移植..

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