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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Synergistic effect of inorganic N and P fertilizers and organic inputs from Gliricidia sepium on productivity of intercropped maize in Southern Malawi.
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Synergistic effect of inorganic N and P fertilizers and organic inputs from Gliricidia sepium on productivity of intercropped maize in Southern Malawi.

机译：无机氮，磷肥和芥兰有机投入物对马拉维南部间作玉米生产力的协同作用。

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In Malawi, N and P deficiencies have been identified as major soil fertility constraints to maize (Zea mays, hybrid NSCM 41) productivity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of three rates of N and P fertilizers on maize performance in monoculture and maize intercropped with the nitrogen fixing legume gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) in replicated field trials run for four years (2002/03-2005/06 seasons) at Makoka, in southern Malawi. Significant season-to-season variation was found in stand loss, ears per plant, stover yield, grain yield and thousand kernel weight (TKW), which was related to distribution of rainfall received during the growing season. All variables were significantly higher in the gliricidia/maize intercrop compared with monoculture maize. During the four consecutive cropping seasons, grain yields of maize increased by 343% (i.e. from 0.94 tons ha-1 in unfertilized sole maize to 4.17 tons ha-1 in gliricidia/maize intercropping). Optimum synergistic effect on grain yield (38% increase over unfertilized gliricidia/maize) was obtained when half recommended N and P rates were combined with gliricidia indicating interspecific facilitation. Response surface modelling showed that the optimum combination of factors for maximum grain yield (4.2 t ha-1) in monoculture maize was 80 kg N ha-1, 31 kg P ha-1 and 917 mm seasonal rainfall. In the gliricidia/maize intercrop, the stationary point had no unique maximum. Ridge analysis revealed that the estimated ridge of maximum grain yield (5.7 t ha-1) in the intercrop is when 69 kg N ha-1, 37 kg P ha-1 is applied and a seasonal rainfall of 977 mm is received. The total P uptake in the intercrop (14.3 kg ha-1) was significantly higher than that in maize monoculture (6.6 kg ha-1). P uptake was significantly (P=0.008) influenced by P fertilizer rate. Therefore, we conclude that combining inorganic N and P fertilizers with organic inputs from gliricidia has positive and synergistic effects on maize productivity in southern Malawi.
机译：在马拉维，氮和磷的缺乏已被确定为限制玉米（Zea mays，杂交NSCM 41）生产力的主要土壤肥力。在这项研究中，我们进行了为期四年（2002 / 03-2005 / 06）的重复田间试验，评估了三种氮肥和磷肥对单种玉米和套种固氮豆科植物象草（Gliricidia sepium）间作玉米的影响。季节）在马拉维南部的马科卡。季节变化在季节损失，单株穗数，秸秆产量，谷物产量和千粒重（TKW）方面都有显着变化，这与生长季节收到的降雨分布有关。与单一栽培玉米相比，草皮/玉米间作中的所有变量均显着较高。在连续的四个种植季节中，玉米的谷物产量增加了343％（即从未施肥的唯一玉米的0.94吨ha-1增至草皮/玉米间作的4.17吨ha-1）。当一半推荐的氮和磷比率与草菇结合使用时，表明种间的促进作用，对谷物产量具有最佳的协同作用（比未受精的草菇/玉米增加38％）。响应面模型表明，单作玉米最大产量（4.2 t ha-1）的最佳因素组合是80 kg N ha-1、31 kg P ha-1和917 mm季节降雨。在草皮/玉米间作中，静止点没有唯一的最大值。垄作分析显示，套种间期最大谷物产量（5.7 t ha-1）的垄作估计是当施用69 kg N ha-1、37 kg P ha-1并收到977 mm的季节性降雨时。间作的总磷吸收量（14.3 kg ha-1）显着高于玉米单作（6.6 kg ha-1）。磷肥量显着影响磷的吸收（P = 0.008）。因此，我们得出的结论是，将无机氮和磷肥料与芦荟的有机投入物结合使用对马拉维南部玉米的生产力具有积极和协同的影响。

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