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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Effects of nickel hyperaccumulation in Alyssum pintodasilvae on model arthropods representatives of two trophic levels.
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Effects of nickel hyperaccumulation in Alyssum pintodasilvae on model arthropods representatives of two trophic levels.

机译：Pintodasilvae中的镍超富集对两个营养级模型节肢动物的影响。

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摘要

An experimental assessment of the defence hypothesis of nickel (Ni) hyperaccumulation in Alyssum was lacking. Also, to date no study had investigated the effects of hyperaccumulator litter on a detritivore species. We performed several experiments with model arthropods representatives of two trophic levels: Tribolium castaneum (herbivore) and Porcellio dilatatus (detritivore). In no-choice trials using artificial food disks with different Ni concentrations, T. castaneum fed significantly less as Ni concentration increased and totally rejected disks with the highest Ni concentration. In choice tests, insects preferred disks without Ni. In the no-choice experiment, mortality was low and did not differ significantly among treatments. Hence, this suggested a deterrent effect of high Ni diet. Experiments with P. dilatatus showed that isopods fed A. pintodasilvae litter showed significantly greater mortality (83%) than isopods fed litter from the non-hyperaccumulator species Iberis procumbens (8%), Micromeria juliana (no mortality) or Alnus glutinosa (no mortality). Also, isopods consumed significantly greater amounts of litter from the non-hyperaccumulator plant species. The behaviour of isopods fed A. pintodasilvae litter suggested an antifeedant effect of Ni, possibly due to post-ingestive toxic effects. Our results support the view that Ni defends the Portuguese serpentine hyperaccumulator A. pintodasilvae against herbivores, indicating that Ni can account both for feeding deterrence and toxic effects. The effects of hyperaccumulator litter on the detritivore P. dilatatus suggest that the activity of these important organisms may be significantly impaired with potential consequences on the decomposition processes..
机译：缺乏对香雪球中镍（Ni）过度积累的防御假设的实验评估。另外，迄今为止，还没有研究调查过高积累的凋落物对有害物种的影响。我们用代表两个营养级的节肢动物模型进行了数个实验：cast藜（草食动物）和Dicellatus（破坏）。在使用不同镍浓度的人造食物圆盘进行的非选择试验中，锥栗T的饲喂量随着镍浓度的增加而显着减少，而完全拒绝的圆盘具有最高的镍浓度。在选择测试中，昆虫更喜欢不含镍的盘。在无选择的实验中，死亡率很低，各处理之间无显着差异。因此，这表明高镍饮食具有抑制作用。实验结果显示，饲喂Pintodasilvae凋落物的异足类动物的死亡率（83％）明显高于非超蓄积物种伊比利亚斯（Iberis procumbens），8％的小m虫（Micromeria juliana）（无死亡率）或Alnus glutinosa（无死亡率）的异足类动物的死亡率（83％）。 ）。同样，等脚类动物从非超蓄积植物物种中消耗的凋落物明显更多。饲喂Pintodasilvae凋落物的等足动物的行为表明Ni具有拒食作用，这可能是由于消食后的毒性作用所致。我们的研究结果支持了Ni捍卫葡萄牙的蛇纹石超富集植物A. pintodasilvae免受草食动物侵害的观点，这表明Ni可以兼具饲料的威慑作用和毒性作用。过度堆积垃圾对褐飞虱的破坏作用表明，这些重要生物的活性可能会大大受损，并对分解过程产生潜在影响。

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