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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Disease >Effect of Planting Date, Seed Treatment, and Cultivar on Plant Population, Sudden Death Syndrome, and Yield of Soybean
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Effect of Planting Date, Seed Treatment, and Cultivar on Plant Population, Sudden Death Syndrome, and Yield of Soybean

机译：播期，种子处理和品种对大豆种群，猝死综合征和大豆产量的影响

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摘要

A 2-year study was conducted in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Ontario in 2013 and 2014 to determine the effects of planting date, seed treatment, and cultivar on plant population, sudden death syndrome (SDS) caused by Fusarium virgulifonne, and grain yield of soybean (Glycine max). Soybean crops were planted from late April to mid-June at approximately 15 day intervals, for a total of three to four plantings per experiment. For each planting date, two cultivars differing in SDS susceptibility were planted with and without fluopyram seed treatment. Mid-May plantings resulted in higher disease index compared with other planting dates in two experiments, early June plantings in three, and the remaining six experiments were not affected by planting date. Soil temperature at planting was not linked to SDS development. Root rot was greater in May plantings for most experiments. Resistant cultivars had significantly lower disease index than the susceptible cultivar in 54.5% of the experiments. Fluopyram reduced disease severity and protected against yield reductions caused by SDS in nearly all plantings and cultivars, with a maximum yield response of 1,142 kg/ha. Plant population was reduced by fluopyram seed treatment and early plantings in some experiments; however, grain yield was not affected by these reductions. Yields of plots planted in mid-June were up to 29.8% less than yields of plots planted in early May. The lack of correlation between early planting date and SDS severity observed in this study indicates that farmers do not have to delay planting in the Midwest to prevent yield loss due to SDS; cultivar selection combined with fluopyram seed treatment can reduce SDS in early-planted soybean (late April to mid May).
机译：2013年和2014年在伊利诺伊州，印第安纳州，爱荷华州和安大略省进行了为期2年的研究，确定了播种日期，种子处理和品种对植物种群，由镰刀镰刀菌和谷物引起的猝死综合征（SDS）的影响大豆产量（最大大豆）。从4月下旬到6月中旬，大约每15天间隔种植一次大豆作物，每个实验总共播种三到四次。对于每个播种日期，在有和没有氟吡草胺种子处理的情况下，种植两个SDS敏感性不同的品种。在两个实验中，五月中旬播种导致的疾病指数高于其他播种日期，在三个实验中六月中播种，而其余六个实验不受播种日期的影响。种植时的土壤温度与SDS的发展无关。大多数实验中，5月播种的根腐病更大。在54.5％的实验中，抗病品种的疾病指数显着低于易感品种。氟吡草胺降低了疾病的严重性，并防止了几乎所有种植和栽培品种中由SDS引起的单产下降，最大单产响应为1,142 kg / ha。在某些实验中，通过氟吡虫种子处理和早期播种减少了植物种群;但是，谷物产量不受这些减少的影响。 6月中旬种植的地块的产量比5月初种植的地块的产量低29.8％。在这项研究中观察到的早播日期和SDS严重程度之间缺乏相关性，这表明农民不必为了防止SDS造成的产量损失而推迟中西部的播种。品种选择与氟吡草种子处理相结合可以减少早播大豆（4月下旬至5月中旬）的SDS。

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